Modern Approaches to the Organization of Translational Research

Колбин, А. С.; Гапешин, Р. А.; Малышев, С. М.

doi:10.15690/pf.v11i3.1002

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Для поиска необходимой терапии орфанных забо-леваний применяют трансляционные (операционные) исследования, то есть технологии, позволяющие адап-тировать результаты научных исследований к примене-нию в клинической практике [8,29]. Для установления этиологии многих редких заболеваний используют гене-тическую диагностику, в т.ч.…”

Section: подходы к разработке орфанных лекарствunclassified

Current Problems in Provision of Orphan Drugs and Ways to Solve Them

Колбин¹,

Гапешин²,

Малышев³

2016

Vopr. sovr. pediatr.

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Section: подходы к разработке орфанных лекарствunclassified

Current Problems in Provision of Orphan Drugs and Ways to Solve Them

Колбин¹,

Гапешин²,

Малышев³

2016

Vopr. sovr. pediatr.

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Biomarkers of translational medicine

Osipova

Бухман

2018

Rossijskij bioterapevtičeskij žurnal

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The development of new medicines is one of the priority areas of translational medicine. A significant role for biomarkers (BM) that assess the safety and efficacy of new drugs. The right choice of BM reduces the time and costs necessary for the development of drugs and transfer them to the clinic. The review is devoted to the analysis of modern scientific literature on the role of previously known and newly discovered BM in translational research. Translational BM (TBM) established during preclinical studies and are applicable at all stages of the study. TBM should have a high sensitivity and specificity, be easily measured in real time in an easily accessible biological fluids, to evaluate the same process in different species of animals (including humans), make it possible to compare the results of clinical trials with preclinical. The main role of the TBM toxicity to predict, identify and monitor the toxicity of drugs at all stages of their study. The international consortium (Predictive Safety Testing Consortium, PSTC) whose main task is the qualification of new TBM toxicity and the search for new, more advanced than existing methods for testing markers, was established. Under PSTC formed 6 working groups, each of which coordinates research for the study and selection of TBM toxicity caused by the administration of drugs in the liver, kidney, heart and blood vessels, skeletal muscle, testes. The first qualified consortium markers were 7 contained in the urine markers for preclinical studies on rats with the goal of establishing early lesions in the kidney induced by drugs. Only a small number of BM used in the study of new drugs, can be translational.

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Translational studies of electrophoretic mobility and phase picture of erythrocytes with consideration of development of stress response during a pathological process

et al. 2018

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Rationale:Modern cell diagnostic methods are in high demand during the development of new approaches in personalized medicine. Coherent phase interferometry and cell microelectrophoresis are among such methods that are being actively introduced into the diagnostic process in medical institutions.Aim:To substantiate the potential use of biophysical and morphodensitometrical erythrocytes parameters as criteria of treatment efcacy and course of adaptation process in patients with gastrointestinal tract disorders.Materials and methods:The study included 25 patients aged from 40 to 54 years (11 males and 14 females), among them 9 (36%) with gastric peptic ulcer, 3 (12%) with duodenal ulcer, 8 (32%) with acute gastritis, and 5 (20%) with acute pancreatitis. Biophysical and morphological particulars of peripheral blood erythrocytes were assessed before and after treatment using cell diagnostic techniques, such as microelectrophoresis and laser modulation interference microscopy. Also, we evaluated changes over time in routine clinical laboratory tests, such as red and white blood cell counts, hemoglobin levels, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and diﬀerential leukocyte counts. The control group included 10 healthy donors aged from 36 to 52 years.In vitroexperiments were performed to assess the erythrocyte electrophoretic mobility (EEPM) and morphology of erythrocytes treated with epinephrine or cortisol.Results:After the treatment, the patients demonstrated a decrease in their leukocyte counts (by 27%), a 2-fold increase in monocyte counts and an ESR decrease (by 10%), compared to the corresponding baseline values before treatment (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). EEPM increased by 12% (1.37 vs. 1.22 mcm × cm/V × s, p < 0.05). The erythrocyte pool of the patients before treatment, had a decreased proportion of discocytes, compared to that in the control group (85.2 vs. 95.4%, р < 0.05), increased proportions of echinocytes, stomatocytes and degenerative forms (11, 2.8 and 1%, respectively, р < 0.05). After the treatment, the discocytes counts increased virtually up to their physiological normal range (91.3%). However, the surface of the discoid cells remained heterogeneous with multiple microspicules; this resulted in changes of electrokinetic and morphological properties of erythrocyte response to stress reaction occurring in the body. The impact of the stress eﬀectors was confrmed inin vitroexperiments assessing the eﬀects of epinephrine (1 × 10-9 g/mL) and cortisol (5 × 10-7 g/mL) on erythrocytes. At 120 minutes of the experiment, epinephrine decreased EEPM (1.14 vs. 1.24 mcm × cm/V × s at baseline, р < 0.05) and increased cell sphericity. On the contrary, cortisol increased EEPM (1.72 vs. 1.36 mcm × cm/V × s, р < 0.05), with non-signifcant echinocytic transformation.Conclusion:Biophysical and morphodensitometric parameters of red blood cells obtained with the use of current express methods of cell microelectrophoresis and coherent interference microscopy help to objectivize the intensity of stress response during a pathological process and activation of adaptation mechanisms during the treatment.

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Modern Approaches to the Organization of Translational Research

Abstract: Modern approaches to the organization of translational research

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Current Problems in Provision of Orphan Drugs and Ways to Solve Them

Current Problems in Provision of Orphan Drugs and Ways to Solve Them

Biomarkers of translational medicine

Translational studies of electrophoretic mobility and phase picture of erythrocytes with consideration of development of stress response during a pathological process

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