Modeling transpiration and leaf temperature of urban trees – A case study evaluating the microclimate model ENVI-met against measurement data

Simon, Hermann; Lindén, Jenny; Hoffmann, David; Braun, Peter E.; Bruse, Michael; Esper, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.03.003

Cited by 129 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Different tree planting strategies are available in [39] Generally, previous research into the cooling effect of trees in regulating urban microclimates simplified the physical characterization of radiative performance of trees [8][39] [57][58] [59]. Some studies have excluded the radiative shading effect of trees in urban microclimatic modelling [60] [61]. Where foliage albedo values for different tree species have been incorporated in microclimate modelling to illustrate their influences on thermal environment they are commonly fixed [59], yet the foliage albedo of trees varies temporally and spatially throughout a day (as presented in sections 4.2.3 and 4.3 of the present study).…”

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confidence: 99%

Infrared radiative performance of urban trees: spatial distribution and interspecific comparison among ten species in the UK by in-situ spectroscopy

Pickles

Smith

Shao

2020

Building and Environment

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Section: List Of Symbolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared radiative performance of urban trees: spatial distribution and interspecific comparison among ten species in the UK by in-situ spectroscopy

Pickles

Smith

Shao

2020

Building and Environment

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“…Potential shortcomings are the use of standardized meteorological conditions and constant wind speed and direction, however, we do not aim for detailed evaluation of our model setup against observations, but want to show the general dependencies and interactions that exist in a real urban environment on a typical summer day. Findings of Simon et al (2018) [74] indeed indicate that ENVI-met in this configuration is capable of simulating transpiration rates and leaf temperatures of trees in complex urban environments when compared to local measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Urban Trees and Their Impact on Local Ozone Concentration—A Microclimate Modeling Study

et al. 2019

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Climate sensitive urban planning involves the implementation of green infrastructure as one measure to mitigate excessive heat in urban areas. Depending on thermal conditions, certain trees tend to emit more biogenic volatile organic compounds, which act as precursors for ozone formation, thus hampering air quality. Combining a theoretical approach from a box model analysis and microscale modeling from the microclimate model ENVI-met, we analyze this relationship for a selected region in Germany and provide the link to air quality prediction and climate sensitive urban planning. A box model study was conducted, indicating higher ozone levels with higher isoprene concentration, especially in NO-saturated atmospheres. ENVI-met sensitivity studies showed that different urban layouts strongly determine local isoprene emissions of vegetation, with leaf temperature, rather than photosynthetic active radiation, being the dominant factor. The impact of isoprene emission on the ozone in complex urban environments was simulated for an urban area for a hot summer day with and without isoprene. A large isoprene-induced relative ozone increase was found over the whole model area. On selected hot spots we find a clear relationship between urban layout, proximity to NOx emitters, tree-species-dependent isoprene emission capacity, and increases in ozone concentration, rising up to 500% locally.

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“…This applies e.g. for carbon storage (Rötzer 2021;Rötzer et al 2020a) and also for shading and pollution removal that both strongly depend on leaf area and crown size (Hofman et al 2016;Rahman et al 2019;Simon et al 2018). Tree crown size does not linearly increase with tree age (such as assumed for diameter) (Pretzsch et al 2015;Rötzer et al 2020b) and thus the relationship between age and some services may probably be characterized by saturation.…”

Section: The Potential Of the Model For Indication And Management Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards sustainable management of the stock and ecosystem services of urban trees. From theory to model and application

Pretzsch

Moser-Reischl

Rahman

et al. 2021

Trees

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Key message A model for sustainable planning of urban tree stocks is proposed, incorporating growth, mortality, replacement rates and ecosystem service provision, providing a basis for planning of urban tree stocks. Abstract Many recent studies have improved the knowledge about urban trees, their structures, functions, and ecosystem services. We introduce a concept and model for the sustainable management of urban trees, analogous to the concept of sustainable forestry developed by Carl von Carlowitz and others. The main drivers of the model are species-specific tree diameter growth functions and mortality rates. Based on the initial tree stock and options for the annual replanting, the shift of the distribution of the number of trees per age class can be predicted with progressing time. Structural characteristics such as biomass and leaf area are derived from tree dimensions that can be related to functions such as carbon sequestration or cooling. To demonstrate the potential of the dynamic model, we first show how different initial stocks of trees can be quantitatively assessed by sustainability indicators compared to a target stock. Second, we derive proxy variables for ecosystem services (e.g. biomass for carbon sequestration, leaf area for deposition and shading) from a given distribution of the number of trees per age class. Third, we show by scenario analyses how selected ecosystem services and functions may be improved by combining complementary tree species. We exercise one aspect (cooling) of one ecosystem service (temperature mitigation) as an example. The approach integrates mosaic pieces of knowledge about urban trees, their structures, functions, and resulting ecosystem services. The presented model makes this knowledge available for a sustainable management of urban tree stocks. We discuss the potential and relevance of the developed concept and model for ecologically and economically sustainable planning and management, in view of progressing urbanization and environmental changes.

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Modeling transpiration and leaf temperature of urban trees – A case study evaluating the microclimate model ENVI-met against measurement data

Cited by 129 publications

References 40 publications

Infrared radiative performance of urban trees: spatial distribution and interspecific comparison among ten species in the UK by in-situ spectroscopy

Infrared radiative performance of urban trees: spatial distribution and interspecific comparison among ten species in the UK by in-situ spectroscopy

Urban Trees and Their Impact on Local Ozone Concentration—A Microclimate Modeling Study

Towards sustainable management of the stock and ecosystem services of urban trees. From theory to model and application

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