Modeling the Relationship between Precipitation and Malaria Incidence in Children from a Holoendemic Area in Ghana

Krefis, Anne Caroline; Schwarz, Norbert; Krüger, Andreas; Fobil, Julius N.; Nkrumah, Bernard; Acquah, Samuel; Loag, Wibke; Sarpong, Nimako; Adu‐Sarkodie, Yaw; Ranft, Ulrich; May, Jürgen

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0381

Cited by 80 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Fever is also known to be accompanied by an increase of portal vein caliper (Kisauzi and Leek 1991). Since investigations have taken place after the rainy season subclinical malaria could have contributed to both the increased percentage of patients with PV dilatation and splenomegaly (Krefis et al, 2011 was neither related to overt portal fibrosis nor to splenomegaly in individual cases. Therefore it is unlikely that PV dilatation was correlated to an increase in portal pressure in the children investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Hepatosplenic morbidity due to Schistosoma mansoni in schoolchildren on Ukerewe Island, Tanzania

et al. 2012

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The study was conducted to assess infection intensity and morbidity due to Schistosoma mansoni in schoolchildren on Ukerewe Island in Lake Victoria, Tanzania, East Africa. Three hundred and sixty pupils who have never been treated previously were enrolled (180 males/180 females, age 6-17 years [median 10 years]) in three different schools of the island. Double stool samples were collected from each pupil and egg excretion was classified according to WHO recommendations. Ultrasound investigations were performed in accordance with the WHO Niamey-Belo-Horizonte protocol. Male (112/180, 62.2%) and female (104/180; 57.7%) pupils were infected (difference, not significant [n.s.]). In the positive 216 cases, egg excretion varied from 1 to 2,440 eggs per gramme stool (epg) [median 165 epg]. There were 69/216 (31.9%) who had a low grade, 105/216 (53.2%) had a moderate and 42/216 (14.8%) had a heavy infection. There was no significant difference between male and female sex nor with regard to age groups. There were 354/360 children who underwent sonography: 321 (90.7%) had splenomegaly, 316 (89.3%) showed a left lobe and 109 (30.9%) had a right lobe hepatomegaly. Overt signs of portal fibrosis (PF) were present in 19 children (5.4%) out of whom 11 presented with echogenic thickening of peripheral portal and 8 with thickening of central portal branches. Non-specific portal wall changes were seen in 6 children (1.7%). Association of PF to quantitative egg excretion was not seen (median in PF, 172 epg vs. median in non PF, 168 epg; difference, n.s.). Portal vein dilatation was seen in 101/354 (28.5%) cases. In Ukerewe, the prevalence of S. mansoni infection and infection intensity in children is high, yet overt hepatic morbidity is low as compared to other endemic foci. Non-specific ultrasonographic abnormalities including hepatosplenomegaly and portal vein dilatation were seen frequently but the fraction attributable to schistosomiasis is difficult to assess.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Hepatosplenic morbidity due to Schistosoma mansoni in schoolchildren on Ukerewe Island, Tanzania

et al. 2012

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“…In the forest zone, Danuor et al [29] observed a strong negative correlation between rainfall and malaria incidence. Similarly, in the forest zone, Krefis et al [30], using a regression model, found about two-month time lag between rainfall and malaria incidence. This nonlinearity between rainfall and malaria intensity has been observed elsewhere [31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Assessing Climate Driven Malaria Variability in Ghana Using a Regional Scale Dynamical Model

Asare

Amekudzi

2017

Climate

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Malaria is a major public health challenge in Ghana and adversely affects the productivity and economy of the country. Although malaria is climate driven, there are limited studies linking climate variability and disease transmission across the various agro-ecological zones in Ghana. We used the VECTRI (vector-borne disease community model of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste) model with a new surface hydrology scheme to investigate the spatio-temporal variability in malaria transmission patterns over the four agro-ecological zones in Ghana. The model is driven using temperature and rainfall datasets obtained from the GMet (Ghana Meteorological Agency) synoptic stations between 1981 and 2010. In addition, the potential of the VECTRI model to simulate seasonal pattern of local scale malaria incidence is assessed. The model results reveal that the simulated malaria transmission follows rainfall peaks with a two-month time lag. Furthermore, malaria transmission ranges from eight to twelve months, with minimum transmission occurring between February and April. The results further reveal that the intra-and inter-agro-ecological variability in terms of intensity and duration of malaria transmission are predominantly controlled by rainfall. The VECTRI simulated EIR (Entomological Inoculation Rate) tends to agree with values obtained from field surveys across the country. Furthermore, despite being a regional model, VECTRI demonstrates useful skill in reproducing monthly variations in reported malaria cases from Emena hospital (a peri urban town located within Kumasi metropolis). Although further refinements in this surface hydrology scheme may improve VECTRI performance, VECTRI still possesses the potential to provide useful information for malaria control in the tropics.

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“…6,20 Di Ghana, curah hujan mingguan berhubungan dengan insiden malaria. 21 Tinggi rendahnya curah hujan akan memengaruhi keberadaan habitat perkembangbiakan vektor malaria. Curah hujan tidak memengaruhi populasi vektor dewasa pada bulan yang sama, tetapi baru akan memengaruhi pada bulan berikutnya sesuai dengan siklus hidup nyamuk di alam.…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Annual Parasite Incidence Malaria di Kabupaten Banyumas

Rejeki

Sari

Nurhayati

2014

Kesmas: National Public Health Journal

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AbstrakKabupaten Banyumas merupakan kabupaten endemis malaria di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Data Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyumas tahun 2008 -2013 menunjukkan angka annual paracite incidence (API) yang selalu mengalami fluktuasi. Dari 27 kecamatan, 22 di antaranya termasuk dalam kategori medium case incidence (MCI) dan low case incidence (LCI). Faktor lingkungan, perilaku, sosial ekonomi, dan iklim berdampak pada tinggi rendahnya kejadian malaria. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan API di Kabupaten Banyumas. Data dikumpulkan dari Januari 2011 -Desember 2013 menggunakan penelitian analitik dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang dan menggunakan data sekunder dari Dinas Kesehatan, Dinas Pertanian, dan Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Banyumas. Populasi adalah seluruh kecamatan di Kabupaten Banyumas dan sampel diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling, sebanyak 27 kecamatan dengan pengamatan selama 3 tahun menjadi 81 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 44,4% pengamatan termasuk kategori LCI dan MCI, 48,1% termasuk kategori curah hujan tinggi, 49,4% termasuk kategori wilayah yang luas, 49,4% termasuk kategori jumlah pendatang tinggi, 48,1% termasuk kategori kepadatan penduduk sedang. Sementara itu, dari 27 kecamatan, yang termasuk ketinggian rendah adalah 63,0%. Faktor yang terbukti berhubungan dengan API adalah luas wilayah, jumlah pendatang, kepadatan penduduk, sedangkan yang tidak berhubungan adalah curah hujan dan ketinggian. Kata kunci: Annual parasite insidence, jumlah pendatang, kepadatan penduduk, luas wilayah,malaria AbstractBanyumas is malaria endemic district in Central Java. Banyumas Health Office data of 2008 -2013 showed that, the Annual Parasite Incidence (API) always fluctuated. From 27 subdistricts in Banyumas, there are 22 subdistricts which fall into the category of middle case incidence (MCI) and low case incidence (LCI). Malaria is a disease that closely associated with the enviroment, behaviour, social economy, and climate. The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with API in Banyumas. Data were collected from Januari 2011 -Desember 2011 using an analytic crosssectional design using secondary data from Banyumas Health Office, Agriculture Office and Statistic Center. The population in this study were all subdistricts in Banyumas and samples were taken using total sampling technique. The sample of this study was 27 districts. The results showed that from 81 samples we obtained 44.4% of observations included in LCI and MCI category, 48.1% with high rainfall, 49.4% with large areas, 49.4% with high number of entrants, 48.1% with medium population density. Meanwhile, from 27 districts, 63.0% included in low altitude category. Factors associated with API in Banyumas were the extensive areas, the number of entrants, and population density. The factors that are not associated to the API were the rainfall and altitude regions.

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Modeling the Relationship between Precipitation and Malaria Incidence in Children from a Holoendemic Area in Ghana

Cited by 80 publications

References 30 publications

Hepatosplenic morbidity due to Schistosoma mansoni in schoolchildren on Ukerewe Island, Tanzania

Hepatosplenic morbidity due to Schistosoma mansoni in schoolchildren on Ukerewe Island, Tanzania

Assessing Climate Driven Malaria Variability in Ghana Using a Regional Scale Dynamical Model

Annual Parasite Incidence Malaria di Kabupaten Banyumas

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