Abstract:In this paper, a nonlinear discrete-time model that simulates a vibrating string exhibiting tension modulation nonlinearity is developed. The tension modulation phenomenon is caused by string elongation during transversal vibration. Fundamental frequency variation and coupling of harmonic modes are among the perceptually most important effects of this nonlinearity. The proposed model extends the linear bidirectional digital waveguide model of a string. It is also formulated as a computationally more efficient … Show more
“…Depending on the bandwidth and richness of the input signal, it is quite easy to generate very complex spectra, which might be objectionable in some cases. This increase in brightness has also been observed in other applications of audio-rate mod ulation of delay lines (Välimäki, Tolonen, and Karjalainen 1998;Tolonen, Välimäki, and Karjalainen 2000).…”
Section: Phase Modulation Through Heterodyningmentioning
“…Depending on the bandwidth and richness of the input signal, it is quite easy to generate very complex spectra, which might be objectionable in some cases. This increase in brightness has also been observed in other applications of audio-rate mod ulation of delay lines (Välimäki, Tolonen, and Karjalainen 1998;Tolonen, Välimäki, and Karjalainen 2000).…”
Section: Phase Modulation Through Heterodyningmentioning
“…The problem of tension modulation is often considered in acoustics, since tension modulation can have a significant effect on the timbre and pitch associated with the vibrations of a string or membrane. There is a significant literature on how to incorporate tension modulation into models of vibrating strings [3,11,15, e.g.] and vibrating membranes [2, e.g.].…”
Section: General Background To Membrane Modelsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast, the statically-loaded equivalent of the Kirchhoff-Carrier equation (used in models of vibrations with tension modulation [2,3,15]) takes the form…”
The mathematical modelling of deformable, permeable screen doors was explored to assess their behaviour under wind loading. A loadresponse model was proposed whereby the wind load was modelled using a simplified approach that allowed it to be approximated as a uniformly distributed pressure load with empirical modification factors applied to relate it to the real case of a door on a building. Several approaches were adopted to model the mechanical behaviour of the door system in response to load, including discrete models based on massspring systems, continuum models based on the membrane equations
Contents
M56(including tension modulation in some cases), and computational models using finite element packages. The primary aim of the work was to determine the distribution of wind load to the door's supporting 'tabs' and estimate a failure wind speed. The mass-spring model and the membrane models without tension modulation both generated unrealistic deflection magnitudes in response to wind load, but could be calibrated in future work, and then used to obtain an estimate of the total force on the tabs. A tension-modulated version of the membrane model performed better with regards to deflected shape and magnitude, but time constraints meant that the load on the tabs was not calculated. Preliminary validation experiments were undertaken and deflected shape and magnitude were successfully measured in response to given wind speeds.
“…See, for example, [20,38,39,40,44,45,46,47,55,81,80]. Digital computational models of stringed instruments have been under active development since at least the 1960s [6,8,9,17,19,18,23,24,30,29,50,52,59,58,62,63,64,66,71,75,76,78,77,79].…”
Summary. This chapter summarizes some efficient signal processing structures used for virtual musical instruments based on physical models. Instruments in the string and wind families are considered.
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