Modeling of extreme freshwater outflow from the north-eastern Japanese river basins to western Pacific Ocean

Trošelj, Joško; Sayama, Takahiro; Varlamov, Sergey M.; Sasaki, Toshiharu; Racault, Marie-Fanny; Takara, Kaoru; Miyazawa, Yasumasa; Kuroki, Ryusuke; Yamagata, Toshio; Yamashiki, Yosuke

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.10.042

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The modeled results of SSS were validated with observed remote-sensing Version 4.0 of European Space Agency Ocean Color Climate Change Initiative Level 3 mapped Chlorophylla concentration (hereafter: Chl-a) data [Sathyendranath et al, 2012;Troselj et al, 2017; European Space Agency Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (ESA-OC-CCI), 2019], that comprises globally merged MERIS, Aqua-MODIS, SeaWiFS and VIIRS data with associated per-pixel uncertainty information obtained at 4 km and 1-day resolution. The observed Chl-a data were obtained for October 8, 9 and 16 because for other dates were the data coverage was not sufficient.…”

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Ninomiya et al (2017) conducted dynamical downscaling to study present and future climate conditions and storm surge simulation for Typhoon Vera. Troselj et al (2017) found that the impact of freshwater outflow on sea surface salinity during and after Typhoons Roke and Chataan was significant. Mori et al (2019a) presented the maximum storm surge of 3.29 m at the Osaka Tide Station and analyzed the relation between maximum water level and the resulting damage from Typhoon Jebi of 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Dynamical Downscaling of Coastal Dynamics for Two Extreme Storm Surge Events in Japan

et al. 2021

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Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dynamical Downscaling of Coastal Dynamics for Two Extreme Storm Surge Events in Japan

et al. 2021

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“…Due to such importance, and thanks to the current and rising measurement abilities, those two properties are among the most monitored and used data, which makes them an attractive alternative for emulation of an actual, mostly conservative, solute transport. Several studies used salinity [33,35,36,38,39] or temperature [33,69,70] as an indicator for other properties in rivers and estuaries. Hence, sea water dilution (supported by both salinity and temperature data) may be considered as an inverse process to river transport by freshwater discharge, as freshwater both dilutes the salinity and decreases the temperature.…”

Section: Concentration Proxymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hopkinson [35] for Plum Island Sound estuary (Massachusetts, USA); Ho et al [36] for the estuary of Hudson River in New York (USA); Gay and O'Donnell [37] for the Mid-Atlantic (USA); Xu et al [38] for Chesapeake Bay (USA); Ref. [39] in the coastal zone of north-eastern Japan; and Andričević and Galešić [40] for the River Žrnovnica in Split (Croatia). This approach has been analyzed [40,41], by measuring the salinity at different points in time with a commercial probe, the Sea-Bird's SBE 37-SI MicroCAT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Open Source Electronics for Measurements of Surface Water Properties in an Estuary: A Case Study of River Jadro, Croatia

Divić

Galešić

Dato

et al. 2020

Water

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There are multiple factors affecting the behavior of water properties in an estuary, including the hydraulic properties of rivers and corresponding receiving water bodies, along with the potential solutes brought by rivers. Although there are various numerical models and analytical approaches to solving particular or holistic problems in estuaries, measurements are inevitably required. In this study, we developed an innovative low-cost probe based on the Arduino platform as an alternative to more expensive measuring systems. Our device is designed to measure position, temperature, and electrical conductivity in multiple realizations, and it consists of a floating container equipped with the following components: an Arduino Mega development board, a power management module, an SD card logging module, a Bluetooth module, a temperature measuring module, a global positioning satellite (GPS) position module, and a newly developed module for measuring electrical conductivity (EC). We emphasize that all used tools are open-source and greatly supported by the worldwide community. We tested our probe during a field campaign conducted at the estuary of River Jadro near Split (Croatia). Nine probes were released at the river mouth and their position, temperature, and EC were monitored and recorded during the experiment, which ended when the probes stopped, due to the river plume attenuation. The same experiment was repeated three times. All of the probes recorded consistent temperature data, while the EC data show more variable behavior, due to the higher sensitivity of the corresponding sensor. This was expected as a part of the natural process in the estuary. The measured data were additionally used to parameterize an analytical model for mean flow velocity and salinity as a proxy concentration. This showed a good match between the experimental results and the theoretical framework. This work, although focused on water surface applications in the near field zone of an estuary, should be considered as a promising step toward the development of innovative and affordable measurement devices.

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“…In a study carried out by [152], salinity was used as a critical factor in understanding and predicting physical and biogeochemical processes in the Chesapeake Bay, USA. More recently, the change in surface sea salinity (SSS) was used as an indicator of extreme freshwater outflow when modeling the potential flood hazard due to typhoons in the Japan coastal area [146]. In the research covered by this thesis and the CPoRT project, salinity is introduced as a proxy for a normalized concentration in the surface layer as follows:…”

Section: Setup For Salinity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration Statistics for Conservative Solute Transport in River Estuaries

Galešić¹

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When addressing water quality issues in coastal zone management, rivers are considered to be among the most significant pathways for waterborne solute transport. On the other hand, estuaries are some of the most productive environments on Earth and multiple interests from different stakeholders put additional pressure on such an ecosystem. Estuaries are thus among the most critical areas for pollution hazard and a lot of research is being conducted in order to ensure their sustainable development. The flow in an estuary is characterized by a mixing process, which results from a combination of small-scale turbulent diffusion and larger-scale variation of mean advective velocities. Scalar concentration in such turbulent flows is a random variable, which requires a statistical approach. This thesis focuses on the development of two analytical methodologies for obtaining concentration statistics of a conservative contaminant generated by a steady river flow in a salt-wedge estuary. Analytically obtained concentration statistics, which include concentration moments, probability density function defined in point, spatially integrated moments, and expected mass fraction, significantly reduce the costs and time needed for obtaining the measured data. Although these analytical models lack the level of detail possessed by sophisticated numerical models, they can generate results within seconds and with little preprocessing. Therefore, the developed analytical models represent screening tools for obtaining concentration statistics of pollution in estuaries, and can be used by stakeholders of different backgrounds. While investigating various validation procedures for the developed analytical models, and using the case study of the Žrnovnica River estuary, near Split, Croatia, several new findings were obtained. For instance, a new model for mean velocity attenuation was proposed and verified. Furthermore, a new proxy concentration was tested and, combined with numerical modeling, it delivered qualitative verification of analytically obtained concentration statistics. The analytical model for point concentration statistics was implemented in a user-friendly computer application (CPoRT) and presented to different stakeholders as a screening tool. Finally, the most important scientific contributions of this thesis are the development of the semi-analytical approach for obtaining concentration statistics in a river-dominated estuary, application of proxy concentration using the salinity data and the introduction of the expected mass fraction as a significant novelty to address the pollution loading to coastal waters.

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Modeling of extreme freshwater outflow from the north-eastern Japanese river basins to western Pacific Ocean

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Dynamical Downscaling of Coastal Dynamics for Two Extreme Storm Surge Events in Japan

Dynamical Downscaling of Coastal Dynamics for Two Extreme Storm Surge Events in Japan

Application of Open Source Electronics for Measurements of Surface Water Properties in an Estuary: A Case Study of River Jadro, Croatia

Concentration Statistics for Conservative Solute Transport in River Estuaries

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