Modeling and comparative analysis of a lithium‐ion hybrid capacitor under different temperature conditions

Abstract

Summary As a combination of the battery‐type material and the supercapacitor‐type material, lithium‐ion hybrid capacitors (LIHCs) can achieve high energy density and high power density. An optimal model is essential to manage the LIHCs effectively for electric vehicle applications. However, modeling of LIHCs has not been systematically investigated. In this paper, the basic dynamic performance of a commercial LIHC is comprehensively analyzed. Two battery‐supercapacitor hybrid (BSH) models are proposed on the basis of physical structure and dynamic performance of the LIHC. Meanwhile, nine battery models and two supercapacitor models are systematically compared to determine the optimal model for the LIHC under different temperature conditions. All the model parameters are calibrated with the dynamic response analysis in the time domain. The applicability of the 13 equivalent circuit models (ECMs) under three different temperature conditions are evaluated. According to the evaluation results, the BSH models with highest accuracy and moderate computational complexity are more appropriate for the LIHC behavior description in the electric vehicle operating conditions. This research can well guide the modeling of LIHCs and their state estimator design.

Improved splice‐electrochemical circuit polarization modeling and optimized dynamic functional multi‐innovation least square parameter identification for lithium‐ion batteries

“…22 A load response model for lithium-ion batteries at the charging state was proposed and applied to SOC estimation, 23 and lithium-ion hybrid capacitors at different temperatures were modeled, which offered guidance for the design of the device for estimating succeeding states. 24,25 By modeling the series lithiumion battery pack and considering the change of temperature, a model-based battery SOC estimation method was proposed, which realizes the accurate estimation of the SOC of lithium-ion batteries under complex temperature conditions. 26 In addition, through the establishment of a lithium-ion battery nonlinear model and a fractionalorder model, and applying them to the SOC estimation of electric vehicles, the accurate state of the effective state of electric vehicles is improved.…”

Photo‐rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors: Critical roles of carbon‐based functional materials

“…Compared with the conventional SCs, the lithium-ion hybrid capacitors (LICs), which are constituted by a typical LIB anode and a capacitive cathode, exhibit the combined advantage of high energy density and good cycling stability, thus providing a great potential as highperformance EES. [98][99][100][101] The development of PSC/LIC integrated devices has been considered as one of the most feasible strategies toward efficient PSC-based solar conversion and storage. Very recently, a pioneering study on PSC/LIC integrated device was carried out in 2019, in which Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and activated carbon were used as the anode and the cathode of LIC, respectively.…”

“…Compared with the conventional SCs, the lithium‐ion hybrid capacitors (LICs), which are constituted by a typical LIB anode and a capacitive cathode, exhibit the combined advantage of high energy density and good cycling stability, thus providing a great potential as high‐performance EES 98–101 . The development of PSC/LIC integrated devices has been considered as one of the most feasible strategies toward efficient PSC‐based solar conversion and storage.…”

Passive fuel cell/lithium-ion capacitor hybridization for vehicular applications

“…The self-discharge, represented as a parallel resistance with the capacitor, is omitted in this work due to the low impact in the short-term and constant operation. This self-discharge rate varies depending on the SOC level, and is approximated to be less than 1% per day [30].…”