Mode of Host Selection by an Aphid

Wensler, Rita J.

doi:10.1038/195830b0

Cited by 121 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Only one of 11 aphid species examined in that study preferred the turnip-hosted dodder: the cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae), a specialist of crucifers that, unlike most aphid species, responds positively to glucosinolates (Wensler, 1962;Moon, 1967;Klingauf et al, 1972;Nault and Styer, 1972;Cole, 1997;Gabrys and Tjallingii, 2002). Glucosinolate transfer into dodder provides a parsimonious explanation of this result, suggesting that glucosinolate uptake may bolster dodder resistance to a wide range of aphid species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Glucosinolates from Host Plants Influence Growth of the Parasitic Plant Cuscuta gronovii and Its Susceptibility to Aphid Feeding

Smith

Woldemariam²,

Mescher

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

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Parasitic plants acquire diverse secondary metabolites from their hosts, including defense compounds that target insect herbivores. However, the ecological implications of this phenomenon, including the potential enhancement of parasite defenses, remain largely unexplored. We studied the translocation of glucosinolates from the brassicaceous host plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) into parasitic dodder vines (Convolvulaceae; Cuscuta gronovii) and its effects on the parasite itself and on dodder-aphid interactions. Aliphatic and indole glucosinolates reached concentrations in parasite tissues higher than those observed in corresponding host tissues. Dodder growth was enhanced on cyp79B2 cyp79B3 hosts (without indole glucosinolates) but inhibited on atr1D hosts (with elevated indole glucosinolates) relative to wild-type hosts, which responded to parasitism with localized elevation of indole and aliphatic glucosinolates. These findings implicate indole glucosinolates in defense against parasitic plants. Rates of settling and survival on dodder vines by pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) were reduced significantly when dodder parasitized glucosinolate-producing hosts (wild type and atr1D) compared with glucosinolate-free hosts (cyp79B2 cyp79B3 myb28 myb29). However, settling and survival of green peach aphids (Myzus persicae) were not affected. M. persicae population growth was actually reduced on dodder parasitizing glucosinolate-free hosts compared with wild-type or atr1D hosts, even though stems of the former contain less glucosinolates and more amino acids. Strikingly, this effect was reversed when the aphids fed directly upon Arabidopsis, which indicates an interactive effect of parasite and host genotype on M. persicae that stems from host effects on dodder. Thus, our findings indicate that glucosinolates may have both direct and indirect effects on dodder-feeding herbivores.Parasitic plants make their living by extracting resources from other plants and, therefore, share many of the same ecological challenges faced by other plantfeeding organisms, including the need to acquire appropriate hosts and overcome host defenses (Runyon et al

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Glucosinolates from Host Plants Influence Growth of the Parasitic Plant Cuscuta gronovii and Its Susceptibility to Aphid Feeding

Smith

Woldemariam²,

Mescher

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

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“…This study was designed to reassess the role of host and nonhost plant (Pettersson, 1973); they are also reported to stimulate feeding in B. brassicae (Wensler, 1962) and L. erysimi, but to deter feeding in other species, including A. fabae (Nault and Styer, 1972). Glucosinolates are decomposed by enzymic action to produce volatile isothiocyanates (Kjaer, 1960;Ju et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of Aphids to host and nonhost plant volatiles

et al. 1991

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Alate and apterous virginoparae ofAphis fabae Scop, and alate virginoparae ofBrevicoryne brassicae (L.), walking in a linear track olfactometer, were attracted by odor from leaves of their host plants.A. fabae responded to odor from undamaged but not damaged bean leaves. Gynoparae (autumn migrants) ofA. fabae, however, did not respond to their host plant (spindle,Euonymus europaeus) odor. Odors of certain nonhost plants masked the attractiveness of the host plant leaves, but tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) and summer savory (Satureja hortensis) volatiles repelledB. brassicae andA. fabae, respectively. 3-Butenyl isothiocyanate attractedB. brassicae andLipaphis erysimi (Kalt.), the latter species being more sensitive in both behavioral and electrophysiological studies. Isothiocyanate receptors were found on the antennae ofA. fabae, which was repelled by these compounds, 4-pentenyl isothiocyanate being the most active.

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“…Nayar & Thorsteinson (1963) showed PluteUa to respond to 9 different glucosides which had been isolated from various cruciferous plants. Wensler (1962) showed that the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae, did not feed on Vicia faba leaf, except when the leaf was treated with sinigrin through the petiole. The discrimination only occurred after probing; hence the stimuli were received through the stylets.…”

Section: The Role Of the Secondary Substances As Attractantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Our Thoughts on Secondary Plant Substances

Fraenkel

1969

Entomologia Exp Applicata

203

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The paper presents and evaluates modern concepts about the role of the secondary plant substances in the host selection of phytophagous insects. It deals with the following main topics: A. The role of nutrients in host selection. B. The concept of utilization in this context. C. The role of the secondary substances as attractants. D. The role of the secondary substances as repellents. The conclusion is reached that host selection is principally guided by the presence and/or absence of secondary substances, and that qualitatively and quantitatively nutrients can play only a very minor part, if one at all, in this context. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG BEWERTUNG UNSERER VORSTELLUNGEN ÜBER SEKUNDÄRE PFLANZENSTOFFE Die Arbeit bringt und beurteilt moderne Auffassungen über die Rolle der sekundären Pflanzeninhaltsstoffe bei der Wirtswahl phytophager Insekten. Sie enthält die folgenden Hauptabschnitte: A. Die Rolle der Nährstoffe bei der Wirtswahl. B. Die Auffassung der Ausnutzung in diesem Zusammenhang. C. Die Rolle der sekundären Pflanzenstoffe als Attraktants. D. Die Rolle der sekundären Pflanzenstoffe als Repellents. Es wird die Schlußfolgerung gezogen, daß die Wirtspflanzenwahl grundsätzlich von der Gegenwart und/oder dem Fehlen sekundärer Pflanzenstoffe bestimmt wird, und Nährstoffe, wenn überhaupt, in diesem Zusammenhang, quantitativ und qualitativ nur eine sehr untergeordnete Rolle spielen können.

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Mode of Host Selection by an Aphid

Cited by 121 publications

References 4 publications

Glucosinolates from Host Plants Influence Growth of the Parasitic Plant Cuscuta gronovii and Its Susceptibility to Aphid Feeding

Glucosinolates from Host Plants Influence Growth of the Parasitic Plant Cuscuta gronovii and Its Susceptibility to Aphid Feeding

Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of Aphids to host and nonhost plant volatiles

Evaluation of Our Thoughts on Secondary Plant Substances

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