Mode conversion by symmetry breaking of propagating spin waves

Clausen, Peter; Vogt, K.; Schultheiß, Katrin; Schäfer, Sebastian; Obry, Björn; Wolf, Georg; Pirro, Philipp; Leven, B.; Hillebrands, B.

doi:10.1063/1.3650256

Cited by 64 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, scattering into higher width modes can occur in the combiner since in the bend the transitional symmetry is broken. [21,22] To avoid these higher-order width modes in the output waveguide (III), its width is chosen to be 1 µm. As can be seen in Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Design of a spin-wave majority gate employing mode selection

Klingler

Pirro

Brächer

et al. 2014

Applied Physics Letters

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142

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The design of a microstructured, fully functional spin-wave majority gate is presented and studied using micromagnetic simulations. This all-magnon logic gate consists of three-input waveguides, a spin-wave combiner and an output waveguide. In order to ensure the functionality of the device, the output waveguide is designed to perform spin-wave mode selection. We demonstrate that the gate evaluates the majority of the input signals coded into the spin-wave phase. Moreover, the all-magnon data processing device is used to perform logic AND-, OR-, NAND-and NOR-operations.In spintronics the degree of freedom of the spin is used to transmit information. Spin and, thus, angular momentum cannot only be transmitted by electrons, but also by magnons, the quanta of the dynamic excitations of the magnetic system -spin waves. It is possible to encode information in the phase or amplitude of such spin waves and to have it transmitted through spin-wave waveguides. Moreover, the wave properties allow for efficient data processing through the exploitation of the interference between spin waves.[1-8] An important step towards the application of spin-wave devices in modern information technology is the realization of spin-wave logic gates. In this context, the majority gate is of special interest since it allows for the evaluation of the majority of an odd number of input signals, as given in Tab. I. Furthermore, not only can majority operations be performed with this gate but also AND-or OR-operations, if one input (see input 3 in Tab. I) is used as a control input. Hence, the advantage of the majority gate is its configurability and functionality.[9] In a spin-wave majority gate the phase φ of the waves is used as an information carrier (φ 0 corresponds to logic "0", logic "1" is represented by φ 0 + π). Although the idea of such majority gates was presented earlier, [9,10] no practical realization suitable for the integration into magnonic circuits has thus far been proposed.One of the main problems of a realistic spin-wave majority gate is the coexistence of different spin-wave modes with different wavelengths at a fixed frequency in the structure.[11] As a result, the output signal is given by overlaying waves of various phases and, thus, the majority function is lost. As a solution, a design which guarantees for a single-mode operation has to be used. Here, we present the design of an all-magnon majority gate and prove its functionality using numerical simulations. The width of the output waveguide has been chosen in a way such as to obtain single-mode operation. The operational characteristics of the majority gate have been studied for different phases. AND-, OR-, NAND-and NOR-operations have been demonstrated using the same * Electronic address: klingles@rhrk.uni-kl.de majority gate device.For the simulations, the material parameters of 100 nm-thick Yttrium-Iron-Garnet (

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a spin-wave majority gate employing mode selection

Klingler

Pirro

Brächer

et al. 2014

Applied Physics Letters

Self Cite

171

142

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“…Electrical techniques such as spin wave spectroscopy are limited in their spatial resolution, while optical techniques such as micro-Brillouin light spectroscopy (micro-BLS) offers impressive spatial resolution (~250 nm) [14] but moderate temporal resolution. Spin wave excitation and propagation characteristics in laterally confined magnetic stripes using micro-BLS have been extensively studied in recent years [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The finite size effect due to the lateral confinement of spin waves results in interference between spin wave modes revealing a spatial dependency of the spin wave intensity [14,16].…”

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confidence: 99%

Spin wave non-reciprocity and beating in permalloy by the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect

Rao¹,

Yoon²,

Rhensius³

et al. 2014

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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We have studied the propagation characteristics of spin wave modes in a permalloy stripe by time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect techniques. We observe a beating interference pattern in the time domain under the influence of an electrical square pulse excitation at the center of the stripe. We also probe the non-reciprocal behavior of propagating spin waves with a dependence on the external magnetic field. Spatial dependence studies show that localized edge mode spin waves have a lower frequency than spin waves in the center of the stripe, due to the varying magnetization vector across the width of the stripe. a)

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“…Modifications to the shape of a straight magnonic waveguide results in the formation of inhomogeneous distributions of demagnetizing fields, magnetization, and permeability across the structure [12][13][14][15][16]. This broken translational symmetry leads to the scattering and reflection of propagating spin waves, along with the possibility of a width-mode conversion.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Magneto-optical imaging experiments and micromagnetic calculations have been extensively used in recent years to investigate the character of spin wave propagation across magnonic bends featuring different geometries of bending [12,[18][19][20][21][22]. This research has been restricted, however, to bends composed of metallic films, such as Permalloy.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spin wave propagation in a uniformly biased curved magnonic waveguide

et al. 2017

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Using Brillouin light scattering microscopy and micromagnetic simulations, we study the propagation and transformation of magnetostatic spin waves across uniformly biased curved magnonic waveguides. Our results demonstrate that the spin wave transmission through the bend can be enhanced or weakened by modifying the distribution of the inhomogeneous internal magnetic field spanning the structure. Our results open up the possibility of optimally molding the flow of spin waves across networks of magnonic waveguides, thereby representing a step forward in the design and construction of the more complex magnonic circuitry.

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Mode conversion by symmetry breaking of propagating spin waves

Cited by 64 publications

References 18 publications

Design of a spin-wave majority gate employing mode selection

Design of a spin-wave majority gate employing mode selection

Spin wave non-reciprocity and beating in permalloy by the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect

Spin wave propagation in a uniformly biased curved magnonic waveguide

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