Abstract:O artigo propõe uma reflexão crítica sobre o crescimento da interface entre mobilidade humana e saúde global. Sustenta que a globalização econômica não propiciou a plena liberdade de circulação internacional das pessoas. Demonstra que a ampla maioria dos deslocados forçados dirige-se aos países em vias de desenvolvimento, que também têm acolhido cerca da metade do contingente de migrantes internacionais. Aponta que a resposta europeia ao aumento do fluxo de migrantes e refugiados ocorrido nos últimos anos e a … Show more
“…Even before the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, migrant and refugee populations were already more vulnerable than nationals because they had higher chances of living in poverty, having mental health and chronic diseases ( Truman et al, 2009 ), facing barriers to access the health system ( Kluge et al, 2020 ; Truman et al, 2009 ) and information ( Júnior et al, 2020 ; Kluge et al, 2020 ). Ventura (2015) explains that the vulnerability of refugees and immigrants also depends on individual characteristics such as age, gender, special needs, educational levels, and sexual orientation as well as structural causes like living and labor conditions, level of juridical protection, migration status, cultural and linguistic barriers, level of protection and risk of living in camps and detention centers.…”
Section: Asylum Migration and Covid-19mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Migrants and refugees are generally left behind in global health discussions ( Ventura, 2015 ). Moreover, they are a neglected, left-behind group in national responses to the pandemic ( Raju & Ayeb-Karlsson, 2020 ).…”
Refugees tend to be a neglected population during health emergencies. This article studies how the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Brazil affected forcibly displaced people considering their intersectional multiple identities. I conducted 29 semistructured phenomenological interviews with refugees living in the states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro between March 27 and April 06, 2020. These states’ governors closed nonessential services and schools. The results indicate that refugees face three challenges connected to this pandemic: (a) same challenges as Brazilians due to their labor vulnerability social identity, (b) challenges aggravated by the pandemic due to their identity of nonnationals including access to information and services, and (c) new challenges due to their social identity of forced displaced nonnationals including closing of migration services and borders and the feeling of “living the pandemic twice.” This research contributes to the literature of intersectionality and asylum by understanding how refugees in the Global South are affected by pandemics and responses to them, considering their own lived experiences and multiple social identities.
“…Even before the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, migrant and refugee populations were already more vulnerable than nationals because they had higher chances of living in poverty, having mental health and chronic diseases ( Truman et al, 2009 ), facing barriers to access the health system ( Kluge et al, 2020 ; Truman et al, 2009 ) and information ( Júnior et al, 2020 ; Kluge et al, 2020 ). Ventura (2015) explains that the vulnerability of refugees and immigrants also depends on individual characteristics such as age, gender, special needs, educational levels, and sexual orientation as well as structural causes like living and labor conditions, level of juridical protection, migration status, cultural and linguistic barriers, level of protection and risk of living in camps and detention centers.…”
Section: Asylum Migration and Covid-19mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Migrants and refugees are generally left behind in global health discussions ( Ventura, 2015 ). Moreover, they are a neglected, left-behind group in national responses to the pandemic ( Raju & Ayeb-Karlsson, 2020 ).…”
Refugees tend to be a neglected population during health emergencies. This article studies how the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Brazil affected forcibly displaced people considering their intersectional multiple identities. I conducted 29 semistructured phenomenological interviews with refugees living in the states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro between March 27 and April 06, 2020. These states’ governors closed nonessential services and schools. The results indicate that refugees face three challenges connected to this pandemic: (a) same challenges as Brazilians due to their labor vulnerability social identity, (b) challenges aggravated by the pandemic due to their identity of nonnationals including access to information and services, and (c) new challenges due to their social identity of forced displaced nonnationals including closing of migration services and borders and the feeling of “living the pandemic twice.” This research contributes to the literature of intersectionality and asylum by understanding how refugees in the Global South are affected by pandemics and responses to them, considering their own lived experiences and multiple social identities.
“…7 In Brazil, however, with a social demographic characterized by extreme social inequality and with significant sections of the population permanently exposed to precarious living conditions, migrants and refugees tend, even under "normal" circumstances, to live on the margins of the margins. 8 With the pandemic having dramatically exacerbated existing health-and socio-economic vulnerabilities for the entire population, migrants and refugees risk being pushed over the edge (or, literally, across the border). 9 In this context, a generalized human rights response is less likely to provide the necessary remedies, as, by its nature, it is not well equipped to distinguish between migrants and refugees, on the one hand, and the many other affected vulnerable populations, on the other.…”
COVID-19 has had a profound impact on migrants and refugees the world over. Their pre-existing vulnerabilities were immediately exacerbated as national health systems were often overwhelmed and many disease control measures were either inaccessible to them or had disproportionate socio-economic effects. But migrants and refugees have also been framed as prima facie causes for the transboundary spread of the virus, and public health exception and derogation clauses in both national and international refugee and human rights instruments have been used to block their entry, suspend asylum processing, or trigger deportations. Taking the example of Brazil as a point of departure, the present contribution argues that (for at least some states) the appearance of the virus seems to have served as a legal carte blanche for fundamentally reconfiguring or closing down border regimes. More specifically, we argue that the strategic mainstreaming of global health regulations into border regimes points to the emergence of a “pandemic law” that encroaches upon already fragile transnational legal regime complexes, with the potential to upend or hollow out existing frameworks for migrant and refugee protection.
“…Como palco de conflitos e contradições, a cidade global cria aberturas para que atores polí-ticos antes invisíveis passem a reivindicar direitos à cidade, representando uma espécie de "zona de fronteira" na luta por direitos (Sassen, 2006, p. 314). Nesse contexto, cresce a interface entre a mobilidade humana e a saúde global, visto que tanto as políticas migratórias como a sua ausência causam impacto significativo sobre a saúde dos migrantes (Ventura, 2015).…”
Resumo A metrópole de São Paulo, em sua posição de cidade global, concentra processos transnacionais, entre eles a migração - atualmente, estima-se que residam oficialmente pouco mais de 370 mil imigrantes no município. Nesse contexto, cresce a interface entre a mobilidade humana e a saúde global, visto que tanto as políticas migratórias como a sua ausência causam impacto significativo sobre a saúde dos migrantes. O presente artigo se debruça sobre os desafios que representam, no âmbito municipal de atenção à saúde, a chegada e a permanência da população migrante, bem como sobre as recentes iniciativas do poder público municipal de conceber políticas públicas locais eficientes para essa população. Empregando métodos qualitativos, a pesquisa teve como fontes entrevistas, pesquisa documental e revisão de literatura.
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