“…Recently, the role of corporate diplomacy has been noted: Through a set of micro-diplomatic activities, it enables MNEs to maintain longterm relationships with influential stakeholders, which in turn allow them to collect valuable information, influence the business climate, and even shape the socio-political environment (e.g., Alammar and Pauleen, 2016;Henisz, 2016;Falcão et al, 2021;Ru€ el, 2020;Sidibe, 2017). However, this research is still in its nascent stage, with the conceptualization, Corporate diplomacy operationalization, and influence of corporate diplomacy being largely underdeveloped, leading to various calls for a more precise conceptualization of corporate diplomacy (Doh et al, 2022;Li et al, 2022). Doh et al (2022) suggest that corporate diplomacy creates an ideal environment for fostering social capital and can be understood as a social capital-cultivating process, through which MNEs obtain valuable resources and information from influential stakeholders.…”