Mitigation And Adaptation Peatland Through Sustainable Agricultural Approaches In Indonesia: In A Review

Abstract

Rapid and massive damage on peatland mainly due to conversion to a production system in the presence of perennial crops for the purpose of financially profitable agribusiness, such as oil palm plantations and other industries, can lead to increased greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gas emissions are influenced by biophysical processes are complex, such as peat decomposition and compaction, nutrient availability, soil water content, and soil water content. When land clearing increased significantly in the area of peatland is not followed by the application of sustainable agriculture, then, will peat land would become flammable and the greater the volume of CO2 gas that emits into the atmosphere that causes global warming and climate change. This paper reviews about the expansion of agriculture and plantations on peatland and action needs to be done by following sustainable agricultural systems. Noting the condition of peatland that have been severely damaged due to the expansion of oil palm plantations, the mitigation and adaptation in the land through sustainable agricultural system is highly recommended to reduce the more severe damage to the peatland areas and minimize the release of CO2 into the atmosphere.

Effects of rice husk biochar and raised bed on CO2 flux and shallot (Allium cepa L.) production on peatland

“…The cation exchange capacity is low, but the alkali saturation is high. Chicken manure in a gradual and longlasting release of nutrients suggests that the provision of chicken manure allows for improved physical and chemical properties of peat soils (Harsono, 2020).…”

“…The application of higher doses of chicken manure produces a higher CO2 flux. The chicken manure certainly contributed more emissions, the use of chicken manure is suggested to use sparingly to add necessary nutrients to the peat soil due to lack of specific nutrients (Harsono, 2020). However, the presence of CO2 in peatland as a dynamic environment can be influenced by several factors, such as groundwater level, liming, and soil management, which encouraged carbon loss in the form of CO2 and dissolved organic carbon, as well as the addition of ameliorants which increased organic carbon levels.…”

Diversity Of Soil Macrofauna On Several Land Use On Peatlands

“…Luas lahan gambut di Indonesia mencapai 24.667.804 Ha dan sebagian besar tersebar di tiga pulau yaitu di Sumatera (6,4 juta Ha), Kalimantan (4,7 juta Ha) dan Papua (3,6 juta Ha) (Badan Restorasi Gambut, 2020). Lahan gambut di Indonesia termasuk lahan gambut terbesar di Asia Tenggara dan keempat di dunia (Harsono, 2020). Kalimantan Barat memiliki lahan gambut cukup luas yaitu mencapai 1,7 juta Ha atau 8,49 % dari luas lahan gambut Indonesia (Suswati et al, 2011).…”

Social Vulnerability of Land Fires in Banjarbaru

“…Global demand for agricultural commodities has led to massive peat draining for monoculture farming on peatlands [13]. Tropical forested peatlands are rapidly being converted into profitable agribusiness, such as oil palm plantations [14], [15]. Sustainable land management is an effort to mitigate peatlands.…”