Mitigating the Lead Leakage of High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells via In Situ Polymerized Networks

Niu, Benfang; Wu, Haotian; Yin, Jinglin; Wang, Bruce; Wu, Gang; Kong, Xueqian; Yan, Bicheng; Yao, Jianguo; Li, Changzhi; Chen, Hongzheng

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.1c01487

Cited by 76 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Reproduced with permission. [ 114 ] Copyright 2022, Elsevier. g) Schematic illustration of vapor‐assisted self‐assembly process and the device configuration of PFDT‐modified inverted PVSCs, and the effect on environment‐related degradation, defect chemistry, as well as Pb leakage issues.…”

Section: Strategies For Minimizing Pb Leakagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…And Niu et al constructed polymerized networks for mitigating the Pb leakage. [114] The dormant monomer additive acrylamide (AAm) was transformed into chelating polymer networks within perovskite layers during the stepwise annealing procedure. In situ polyacrylamide exhibited a strong ability to adsorb Pb 2+ during immersing the unencapsulated PSCs in deionized water (Figure 8f).…”

Section: In Situ Pb Trapping Within Perovskite Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Pb Management in Perovskite Solar Cells toward Eco‐Friendly Development

Luo

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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of human society. Clean and green solar energy could be converted into electric energy through photovoltaic technologies. This can provide a green and sustainable way for energy utilization. [1][2][3] Inorganicorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered to be one of the most promising photovoltaic applications, [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] owing to the favorable properties of perovskite materials, such as tunable bandgap, high absorption coefficient, large bipolar mobility, long carrier diffusion length, small exciton binding energy and high defect tolerance. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs has reached 25.7% based on Pb-based perovskites, which has exceeded that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells and exhibited huge a market prospect. [19] However, these perovskite films are prone to be decomposed into the toxic heavy-metal compounds of PbI 2 , Pb, or PbO, etc. because of the uncontrollable environmental condition, including high temperature, high humidity, and strong sunlight. [20,21] The toxicity of Pb leaking from perovskite film has become one of the main obstacles toward commercialization. [22] There have been extensive endeavors to replace Pb with Sn to make the perovskite active layer less toxic, however, Sn-based PSCs demonstrate inferior efficiency and stability compared with their Pb-based counterparts. Thus, the Pb-based perovskites are still indispensable for guaranteeing excellent photoelectric properties and would be the main force of future large-scale applications.The photovoltaic market has been growing rapidly for alleviating energy scarcity and mitigating climate change. The cumulative solar capacity in 2020 reaches ≈773.2 GW around the world. [23] If 20% of this solar capacity is occupied by perovskite solar panels with 500 nm Pb-based perovskite film and ≈20% PCE, 541.24 tons of Pb would be consumed considering ≈0.70 g m −2 of Pb content. [24,25] The widespread deployment of PSCs would provoke a terrible environmental pollution without proper Pb management. World Health Organization (WHO) and many countries have reached a broad consensus on the restriction of the Pb pollution and established strict environmental standards on the Pb usage. Besides, international organizations such as the European Union have also formulated relevant regulations for the management and regulation of waste electrical and electronic equipment, requiring producers to take responsibility for collecting and recycling apparatus waste. [26] Therefore, sustainable Pb management is an essential prerequisite for the commercialization of PSCs. Pb-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies for commercialization have attracted tremendous attention in recent years. However, the toxicity and leakage of heavy metal Pb from perovskite film have become critical obstacles for eco-friendly development. Extreme weather conditions such as heavy rain, high temperature, or strong sunlight may accelerate the undesired decomp...

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Section: Strategies For Minimizing Pb Leakagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Situ Pb Trapping Within Perovskite Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Pb Management in Perovskite Solar Cells toward Eco‐Friendly Development

Luo

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…Recently, the issue of lead leakage has been investigated in perovskite solar cell. [109][110][111][112][113][114] For example, integrating cation-exchange resins with carbon electrodes and layering them on the glass surface of perovskite modules can reduce lead leakage by 62-fold to 14.3 ppb in water. [109] Lead-absorbing encapsulants on both sides of perovskite solar modules by using sulfonated graphene aerogels mixed with polydimethylsiloxane are able to capture over 99% Pb 2+ from the degraded devices.…”

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Environment‐Friendly Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes: Progress and Perspective

Wang

Lou

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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Metal halide perovskite materials have shown excellent optoelectronic properties suitable for light‐emitting diodes. With the development of technology in recent years, the performance of perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) has been improved rapidly, which can be almost comparable with that of the organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) and quantum‐dot light‐emitting diodes counterparts. However, the toxicity of lead in perovskites may be unacceptable to consumers, which severely hinders the commercial applications of PeLEDs. Therefore, massive efforts on more environment‐friendly PeLEDs should be invested, prompting them potential candidates for next‐generation display devices. In this review, the synthesis methods and preparation processes of perovskite emitting layers that are successfully utilized in environment‐friendly PeLEDs are first summarized. Then, a comprehensive analysis of development on the applications of both less‐lead and lead‐free PeLEDs is reported. Finally, the possible strategies to further improve the performance of environment‐friendly PeLEDs are given.

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“…As far as we know, it is known that some polymer additives with Lewis base groups can also act as Pb chelating agents to passivate deep‐level defects, thereby improving the performance of PSCs. Common polymers, including poly(acrylic acid), [ 19 ] poly(acrylamide), [ 20 ] poly(acrylonitrile), [ 21 ] and so forth. have poor (bio)degradability, which has a destructive effect on the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental‐Friendly Polymer for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Mitigating Lead Leakage

Cao

Wang

Yang

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Although perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are on the road to industrialization, the operational stability under high efficiency still needs to be improved, and the water solubility of lead ions (Pb2+) will cause environmental pollution problems. Herein, it is successfully implanted an environment‐friendly (biodegradability) poly(butylene adipate‐coterephthalate) polymer (PBAT) into the perovskite film, which can passivate the uncoordinated Pb2+ and neutral iodine defects of the perovskite material because of the adequate carbonyl groups and benzene rings in PBAT polymer, thereby regulating the crystallization of perovskite film with lower trap density, inhibiting the nonradiative recombination and improving charge carrier transport. As a result, the polymer‐incorporated inverted PSCs achieve optimal conversion efficiencies of 22.07% (0.1 cm2) and 20.31% (1 cm2). Meanwhile, the incorporated device, after being encapsulated, exhibits a prominent improvement in operational stability of high‐efficiency device under maximum power point tracking and continuous one sunlight illumination, maintaining the initial efficiency of 80% for 3249 h. More importantly, the polymer network can protect Pb2+ from being dissolved by water and prevent nearly 98% of Pb2+ from leaking by directly immersing the polymer‐coated perovskite film in water. Environmental‐friendly molecules provide new hope for solving lead poisoning and improving device operational stability under high efficiency.

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Mitigating the Lead Leakage of High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells via In Situ Polymerized Networks

Cited by 76 publications

References 40 publications

Sustainable Pb Management in Perovskite Solar Cells toward Eco‐Friendly Development

Sustainable Pb Management in Perovskite Solar Cells toward Eco‐Friendly Development

Environment‐Friendly Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes: Progress and Perspective

Environmental‐Friendly Polymer for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Mitigating Lead Leakage

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