Environment‐Friendly Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes: Progress and Perspective

Abstract

Metal halide perovskite materials have shown excellent optoelectronic properties suitable for light‐emitting diodes. With the development of technology in recent years, the performance of perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) has been improved rapidly, which can be almost comparable with that of the organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) and quantum‐dot light‐emitting diodes counterparts. However, the toxicity of lead in perovskites may be unacceptable to consumers, which severely hinders the commercial applications of PeLEDs. Therefore, massive efforts on more environment‐friendly PeLEDs should be invested, prompting them potential candidates for next‐generation display devices. In this review, the synthesis methods and preparation processes of perovskite emitting layers that are successfully utilized in environment‐friendly PeLEDs are first summarized. Then, a comprehensive analysis of development on the applications of both less‐lead and lead‐free PeLEDs is reported. Finally, the possible strategies to further improve the performance of environment‐friendly PeLEDs are given.

Advances in electrically driven light-emitting diodes based on lead-free metal halides

“…13 To surmount the issues faced in 3D lead perovskites, several feasible strategies have been proposed. 14,15 Among them,…”

“…To surmount the issues faced in 3D lead perovskites, several feasible strategies have been proposed. 14,15 Among them, replacing Pb 2+ with low- or non-toxic metal ions to form perovskite-related materials effectively alleviates the toxicity issues. Using appropriate combinations of large organic cations and non-lead metal halides to form low-dimensional metal halide hybrids improves dramatically the stability.…”

Morphology-Dependent Optoelectronic Properties of Pentacene Nanoribbon and Nanosheet Crystallite

“…Furthermore, organic semiconductors can be solution-processed on any substrate inexpensively and even at relatively low temperatures, which is highly advantageous for their scale-up from fundamental studies to industrial-level production [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Current examples of developed organic semiconductors include field-effect transistors (OFETs) [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], photodetectors (OPDs) [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], solar cells [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) [ 20 , 21 , 22 ], and so on. To date, a large number of organic optoelectronic devices have been constructed using amorphous or polycrystalline films [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

0D triiodide hybrid halide perovskite for X-ray detection

“…The low-dimension perovskite with improved stability could be harvested by incorporating organic macromolecules into the lattice, which has attracted widespread interest in the application fields of photodetectors and LEDs. 19–22…”

“…The lowdimension perovskite with improved stability could be harvested by incorporating organic macromolecules into the lattice, which has attracted widespread interest in the application fields of photodetectors and LEDs. [19][20][21][22] Bismuth (Bi)-based hybrid halides are promising environment friendly photoelectric materials. The incorporation of triiodide or iodide molecules into the Bi-based hybrid perovskite reconstructed the prototypic structures and provided an attractive branch of perovskite, which enhanced the light absorption and reduced the concentration of deep level defects.…”