Misreporting of dietary energy, protein, potassium and sodium in relation to body mass index in young Japanese women

Abstract

Objective: Although under-reporting of dietary intake is more common in persons with a high body mass index (BMI), it is not well known whether or not misreporting is selective for different foods (and hence energy and nutrients), particularly in nonWestern populations. We examined misreporting of dietary intake against biomarkers and its relation with BMI in young Japanese women. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: A total of 353 female Japanese dietetic students aged 18-22 years (mean BMI: 21.4 kg/m 2 , mean fat intake: 29.8% of energy). Methods: Misreporting of dietary energy, protein, potassium and sodium (assessed by a self-administered diet history questionnaire) was examined against respective biomarkers (estimated energy expenditure and 24-h urinary excretion). Reporting accuracy was calculated as the ratio of reported intake to that estimated from corresponding biomarkers (complete accuracy: 1.00). Results: Mean reporting accuracy of absolute intake (amount per day) varied considerably (0.86-1.14). Reporting accuracy of absolute intake decreased with increasing BMI (P for trend o0.001). However, no association was observed between reporting accuracy of energy-adjusted values and BMI (P for trend 40.15), indicating that BMI-dependent misreporting was canceled by energy adjustment. This was owing to positive correlation between the reporting accuracy of energy intake and that of absolute intake of the three nutrients (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.49-0.67, Po0.0001). Conclusions: Although differential misreporting of absolute intake was associated with BMI, differential misreporting of energyadjusted value was not. These findings support the use of energy-adjusted values in the investigation of diet-disease relationships among lean populations with a low-fat intake.

Characteristics of women who frequently under report their energy intake: a doubly labelled water study

“…This was expected, as many researches indicated that obese underreport more (Tooze et al, 2007;Murakami et al, 2008). However, it is important to remark on the following: First, our study used DLW, which provides a valid determination of TEE for obese individuals.…”

Maternal dietary patterns in pregnancy and fetal growth in Japan: the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study

“…Because of the small proportion of SGA infants in the reference group of women in the 'rice, fish and vegetables' pattern, the risk of having a SGA infant for weight showed a higher OR and wide 95 % CI among women in the 'wheat products' pattern (multivariate OR 5·24, 95 % CI 1·13, 24·4), and the results should accordingly be interpreted with caution. Third, although we used a validated dietary assessment questionnaire, its ability to estimate total food and nutrient intake remains a serious concern, and incompleteness of the (32) , were classified as being SGA for weight, length or head circumference. † Adjusted for maternal age (,29, 29-31 and $ 32 years), parity (0 or $1), maternal height (cm), maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m 2 ), gestational weight gain (kg), week of gestation at baseline survey (weeks), cigarette smoking (never, former and current), change in diet in the previous 1 month (none or seldom, slight and substantial), dietary supplement use (yes and no), physical activity level (low and moderate or high), family structure (nuclear and expanded), occupation (housewife and outside work), family income (, 4 000 000, 4 000 000-5 999 999 and $6 000 000 yen/year), education (, 13, 13-14 and $15 years), season in which data at baseline were collected (spring, summer, autumn and winter), medical problems in pregnancy (yes and no) and baby's sex (boy and girl).…”

“…Food intake values were energy-adjusted using the energy-density model, i.e. g/4184 kJ, both to reduce the measurement error common with dietary assessment questionnaires (32,33) and to avoid biased grouping due to variation in body size and energy requirement (32) .…”

Twenty-four-hour urinary water-soluble vitamin levels correlate with their intakes in free-living Japanese university students

“…We excluded participants diagnosed with cold or influenza, and those who had taken multi-vitamin supplements at least once during the earlier month. In addition, we excluded participants whose 24-h urine collection or dietary records were considered as incomplete, with a collection time outside the 22-26-h range, urine volume o250 ml, creatinine excretion in relation to body weight outside the 10.8-25.2 mg/kg range (Stamler et al, 2003;Murakami et al, 2007), or extremely low or high energy intake (o2092 or 416 736 kJ/day) (Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare of Japan, 2005). After these screenings, 156 participants (26 male and 130 female) were found to be eligible.…”