Mineral trioxide aggregate with anti-washout gel – Properties and microstructure

Calcium silicate materials in endodontics

“…67 The hydration reaction of the powder mixed with the AWG is different from water, with larger reaction rims around the unhydrated cement particles seen with the former. 66 With AWG, calcium ion released was significantly less than with water at 14, 21 and 28 days, the setting time was reduced by 65 minutes to 100 minutes and the compressive strength was significantly higher, both when dry and immersed in HBSS. 66 A zone of collagen degradation has been identified from the surface of dentine exposed to MTA Plus that was associated with minimal amounts (picograms) of dentinal loss.…”

“…66 With AWG, calcium ion released was significantly less than with water at 14, 21 and 28 days, the setting time was reduced by 65 minutes to 100 minutes and the compressive strength was significantly higher, both when dry and immersed in HBSS. 66 A zone of collagen degradation has been identified from the surface of dentine exposed to MTA Plus that was associated with minimal amounts (picograms) of dentinal loss. The adaptation of calcium silicate material chemistry by incorporating it with a completely different material has led to the development of a hybrid category of materials.…”

“…The AWG is a water soluble polymer composed of approximately 97.8% water mass and traces of SiO 2 , K 2 O, Cl and CaO. 66 The AWG used with MTA Plus reduces the material washout and is similar to amalgam and IRM as compared with MTA Plus with water or MTA Angelus. 67 The hydration reaction of the powder mixed with the AWG is different from water, with larger reaction rims around the unhydrated cement particles seen with the former.…”

“…[62][63][64] MTA Plus (manufactured by Prevest-Denpro, Jammu City, India for Avalon Biomed, Bradenton, FL, USA) is a powder-liquid system with the option of mixing the powder (tricalcium and dicalcium silicate, bismuth oxide, calcium sulphate and silica) with either water or an anti-washout gel (AWG), the latter accelerating the set of the material, as per manufacturer's claim, to one hour. 65,66 The anti-washout property helps prevent disintegration of the cement when exposed to fluids, which may happen when the surgical site is rinsed with an irrigant. The AWG is a water soluble polymer composed of approximately 97.8% water mass and traces of SiO 2 , K 2 O, Cl and CaO.…”

Composition and Setting Reaction

“…The amount of material lost is then determined using photography [68] or quantified using a gravimetric method [52,82]. One of the latest reported methods [37] includes a setup based on Specification CRD-C 661-06 [75] which was scaled down to allow testing of dental materials.…”