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The hydration of prototype-radiopacified tricalcium silicate cement, Biodentine and Bioaggregate resulted in the formation of calcium silicate hydrate and calcium hydroxide, which was leached in solution. The hydrated materials were composed of a cementitous phase that was rich in calcium and silicon and a radiopacifying material. Biodentine included calcium carbonate, and Bioaggregate included silica and calcium phosphate in the powders. IRM was composed of zinc oxide interspersed in a matrix of organic material.

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Dry storage of Biodentine resulted in changes in the material microstructure and cracks at the root dentine to Biodentine interface. Furthermore, the gaps resulting from material shrinkage allowed the passage of the fluorescent microspheres thus indicating that these gaps are significant and can potentially allow the passage of micro-organisms.