Millimeter Wave Subharmonic Mixer Implementation Using Graphene Film Coating

Hotopan, George; Hoeye, S. Ver; Vázquez, C.; Hadarig, Andreea; Camblor-Diaz, Rene; Fernández, M.; Las-Heras, Fernando

doi:10.2528/pier13042408

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Moreover, the previously reported works have shown that the microscopic mechanisms that cause such effects in graphene are very different and strongly enhanced when compared with those observed in conventional semiconductors [2,14]. High-efficiency second-and third-harmonic generation effects have been achieved in monolayer graphene-based transistors, from relatively low frequencies up to the millimeter-wave frequency band [15][16][17], and they have also been experimentally observed in few-layer graphene sheets [6,8,11,13]. Therefore, such results can constitute the basis for the development of a radically new generation of electronic devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…On the other hand, a great number of nonlinear phenomena, including second [3][4][5][6][7]-and third [8][9][10]-harmonic generation and frequency mixing [11][12][13], have also been theoretically predicted and experimentally demonstrated. Moreover, the previously reported works have shown that the microscopic mechanisms that cause such effects in graphene are very different and strongly enhanced when compared with those observed in conventional semiconductors [2,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Experimental analysis of the high-order harmonic components generation in few-layer graphene

Hadarig¹,

Vázquez²,

Fernández³

et al. 2014

Appl. Phys. A

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In this work, the nonlinear electromagnetic response of a few-layer graphene sheet is experimentally analyzed. The few-layer graphene sheet is obtained through mechanical exfoliation from highly ordered pyrolytic graphite and embedded in a rectangular waveguide structure which is used to guide the exciting and the output signals. The nonlinear electromagnetic response of the graphene sheet is exploited to implement a frequency multiplier in which the output signal, in the 330-500 GHz frequency band, will be obtained as a high-order harmonic component of the input signal, in the 26-40 GHz frequency band. Due to the particular selection of the input and output frequency ranges, the behavior of several harmonic components, from order 9 to 17, can be characterized. The analysis will be focused on the frequency response of the graphene sheet, the influence of the input power on the output signal and the differences between the even-and odd-order harmonic components. Finally, it will be shown that the developed assembly can be used as THz signal source based on high-order frequency multiplication.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Experimental analysis of the high-order harmonic components generation in few-layer graphene

Hadarig¹,

Vázquez²,

Fernández³

et al. 2014

Appl. Phys. A

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“…122 Due to the rapid development in technology, circuits at millimeter and submillimeter frequencies are becoming the great challenges for conventional mixers, which require higher data rate transmissions. 123 As a typical 2D atomic crystals, graphene has been considered as a potential material for high-frequency mixers, especially at millimeter and submillimeter waves, due to its high intrinsic carrier mobility and high carrier saturation velocity. [124][125][126] Lin et al reported a graphene mixer integrated with a graphene FET and a pair of inductors on a single silicon carbide wafer, demonstrating a broadband radio-frequency mixer at frequencies up to 10 GHz and excellent thermal stability up to 125°C.…”

Section: Mixer Switch Modulator and Resonatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Atomic Crystals: Paving New Ways for Nanoelectronics

Fan

Djerdj

2015

Journal of Elec Materi

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Two-dimensional (2D) atomic crystals are attractive for use in next-generation nanoelectronics, due to their unique performances, which may lead to the resolution of the technological and fundamental challenges in semiconductor industry. Based on the introduction of 2D atomic crystal-based transistors and ambipolar behavior, the review presents a brief summary of 2D atomic crystal integration circuits, including memory, logic gate, amplifier, inverter, oscillator, mixer, switch and modulator. The devices show promising performances for the application in future nanoelectronics. In particular, the 2D atomic crystals, such as graphene, demonstrate good compatibility with the existing semiconductor process. The quaternary digital modulations have been achieved with flexible and transparent all-graphene circuits. Moreover, the heterojunction based on 2D atomic crystals may enable new devices beyond conventional field-effect transistors. The results make us be optimistic that practical 2D atomic crystal technologies with complex functionality will be achieved in the near future. Therefore, 2D atomic crystals are paving new ways for nanoelectronics.

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“…The graphene film integrated in the microstrip structure is prepared by mechanical exfoliation of Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) [24]- [26], [28]. Metallic contacts, as depicted in Fig.…”

Section: Multiplier Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Submillimeter Wave High Order Frequency Multiplier Based on Graphene

et al. 2019

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In this paper, a single stage millimeter/submillimeter wave frequency multiplier is presented. The desired frequency multiplication performance is obtained through the nonlinear excitation of high-order harmonic components in a graphene film, when it is illuminated with a low-frequency input signal. The graphene film is integrated into a microstrip structure on a polyimide substrate, which is subsequently embedded in a micromachined waveguide block. The design has been optimized to receive an input signal in the Ka frequency band, between 26.5 and 40 GHz, and to produce an output signal in the WR-3 frequency band, between 220 and 330 GHz. A complete prototype of the frequency multiplier module, including standard waveguide flanges for its interconnection, has been manufactured and experimentally characterized. The results in terms of output power in the WR-3 frequency band, for harmonic orders between 6 and 11, as well as for input power levels between 7 and 21 dBm, are presented. INDEX TERMS Frequency multiplier, graphene, millimeter wave circuits, submillimeter wave circuits, nonlinear circuits.

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Millimeter Wave Subharmonic Mixer Implementation Using Graphene Film Coating

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Experimental analysis of the high-order harmonic components generation in few-layer graphene

Experimental analysis of the high-order harmonic components generation in few-layer graphene

Two-Dimensional Atomic Crystals: Paving New Ways for Nanoelectronics

Submillimeter Wave High Order Frequency Multiplier Based on Graphene

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