Millimeter‐Sized Clusters of Triple Cation Perovskite Enables Highly Efficient and Reproducible Roll‐to‐Roll Fabricated Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

The high-power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) on lab-scale devices trigger the need to develop scalable manufacturing processes to accelerate their commercialization transition. A roll-to-roll (R2R) vacuum-free printing on flexible substrates allows for high-volume and low-cost manufacturing which is especially well-suited for PSCs due to its solution processibility and low-temperature annealing requirements. Herein, a facile hot deposition technique is reported to fabricate triple-cation (Cs 0.07 FA 0.79 MA 0.14 -Pb(I 0.83 Br 0.17 ) 3 ) perovskite films in an ambient environment using a R2R slotdie coating method. This perovskite composition, whilst being most studied in lab devices due to its high efficiency and stability, has not been applied in R2R fabrication thus far. The demonstrated R2R slot-die coated flexible PSCs achieve stabilized PCE reaching 12% at maximum power point in inverted "p-i-n" architectures, the highest efficiency reported to date for R2R inverted PSCs. To achieve this, the underlying hole transport layer (poly(3,4-ethylenedio xythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate) is modified with guanidinium iodide additive which leads to the formation of large millimeter-sized perovskite clusters, improved perovskite crystallinity, and enhanced charge-transfer efficiency. This study highlights the potential of the facile hot-deposition method while providing critical insights into the role of interfacial engineering in eliminating performance losses and fabricating efficient printed flexible PSCs.

Multifunctional succinate additive for flexible perovskite solar cells with more than 23% power-conversion efficiency

“… 5 With the experience accumulated in rigid PSCs, the PCE of FPSCs has reached over 22% in small areas 6 , 7 and 15% in large areas. 8 , 9 In addition, an increasing number of researchers have begun to explore the industrial roll-to-roll fabrication of FPSCs, 10 , 11 showing a promising future in flexible photovoltaic applications.…”

The continuous fabrication of a high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator by a roll-to-roll process

“…4 To address this issue, many strategies have been studied to collect energy from the environment, including solar energy, wind energy and water energy, to realize self-powered electronic devices. [5][6][7] Among these sources of energy, micro/nano mechanical energy harvesting from the environment and converting it into electricity have attracted a great deal of research interest. [8][9][10][11][12] Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) based on the coupling effect of triboelectrication and electrostatic induction have been developed to convert ubiquitous, low-frequency and tiny mechanical energy into electricity, [13][14][15][16][17][18] possessing the advantages of light weight, small size, high efficiency at low frequencies, and a wide selection of materials.…”

Efficient Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with Reduced Hysteresis Employing Cobalt Nitrate Treated SnO2

“…[1] Besides the excellent photoelectric properties of organicinorganic perovskite materials with high absorption coefficient and long carrier lifetime, [2,3] the high-yield low-temperature solution processability makes the perovskites an ideal candidate for scalable fabrication of flexible PSCs through roll-to-roll (R2R) method, which accesses the possible applications of sustainable and portable electronics, [4] as well as building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs). [5,6] Constructing high-quality perovskite absorber layer is essential for highperformance flexible PSCs, and various strategies have been reported to optimize the perovskite layers, such as composition engineering and additives tailoring. [7][8][9] Recently, Jen and co-authors used one organic heterojunction layer to construct a simple hybrid solar cell, and realized the championship PCE of 21.73% on the flexible substrate.…”

“…[ 1 ] Besides the excellent photoelectric properties of organic–inorganic perovskite materials with high absorption coefficient and long carrier lifetime, [ 2,3 ] the high‐yield low‐temperature solution processability makes the perovskites an ideal candidate for scalable fabrication of flexible PSCs through roll‐to‐roll (R2R) method, which accesses the possible applications of sustainable and portable electronics, [ 4 ] as well as building‐integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs). [ 5,6 ]…”