Mild Thyroid Abnormalities and Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion: Diagnostic and Therapeutical Approach1

Vaquero, E.; Carolis, Caterina De; Valensise, H.; Romaninï, Carlo; Lazzarin, Natalia; Moretti, Costanzo

doi:10.1111/j.8755-8920.2000.430404.x

Cited by 123 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The hypothyroid status is more notorious for such mishaps. 7,8 In a study by Casey et al, 9 the overall incidence of hypothyroidism was 2.5%, whereas overt thyroid deficiency was in 1.3 per 1000. The incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism in all women between 18-45 years is about 5 percent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Abnormal Thyroid Function and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Shrestha

Chawla

2014

Nepal j. obstet. gynaecol.

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Aims:The aim of our study was to observe the benefit of screening for thyroid function amongst women with recurrent pregnancy loss and effect of treatment for thyroid disorder on pregnancy outcome. Methods:This was a longitudinal study conducted from June 2012 to December 2013. One hundred and three patients with recurrent pregnancy loss without features of thyroid disorder were included. They were investigated for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free tri iodothyronin (FT 3 ), free thyroxine (FT 4 ) levels and for auto-antibodies against thyroperoxidase (anti TPO). The patients with abnormal TSH levels were treated with thyroxine depending on the level of TSH.Results: TSH, FT 3 , FT 4 and anti TPO levels were measured. Amongst 103 ladies, thirty-eight (36.89%) had high levels of TSH. Thirty-five (33.98%) of them underwent test for anti TPO, of which two (5.71%) had autoimmune thyroiditis. Nine (8.73%) out of 103 had high FT 4 levels. Ladies with diagnosis of hypothyroidism underwent treatment and 17 (44.73%) out of 38 had conceived. Conclusions:Of 103 women with recurrent pregnancy loss, abnormal thyroid function was detected in 47. Seventeen (44.73%) of them with increased TSH level conceived after treatment with thyroxine, which gives a positive message that hypothyroidism is a treatable cause for recurrent pregnancy loss.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Abnormal Thyroid Function and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Shrestha

Chawla

2014

Nepal j. obstet. gynaecol.

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“…Matalon ST et al in 2001showed that elevated levels of thyroid auto antibodies are associated with increased rate of abortions in euthyroid women (22). Thyroid replacement therapy with intra-venous immunoglobulins (IVIG) was helpful in preventing a new miscarriage (23). The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism Adopted a clinical practice guideline in 2007 which recommended screening among the following high risk women (24).…”

Section: Clinical Features Of Hypothyroidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Prgnancy And Pregnancy Outcome

Thenmozhi¹

2017

IOSR JDMS

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“…[5][6][7] Furthermore, it was recently shown that thyroxine administration to pregnant women with positive thyroid autoantibodies and a history of recurrent abortions may improve the final outcome. 8 autoantibodies negative pregnant women (13.3% vs 3.3%, p<0.001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…52,53 In addition to this, the combination of immunoglobulin, heparin and aspirin had better results than the administration of only heparin and aspirin. 54 The first study in which thyroid hormone replacement therapy was applied was conducted by Vaquero et al 8 It was a prospective study in women with two or more previous first trimester miscarriages and positive thyroid autoantibodies. Eleven women were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin during pregnancy and 16 women were treated with thyroid hormone replacement therapy (66 mg of thyroid extract, started before conception and continued until the 20 th week).…”

Section: Possible Pathophysiological Mechanisms Of the Association Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid autoimmunity and miscarriage

Kaprara¹,

Krassas²

2008

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The relation of thyroid autoimmunity to miscarriage is an important issue that has attracted the interest of many investigators. A number of papers have been published so far, which include healthy women, women with recurrent miscarriage and those undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. Most studies have shown a significant positive association between the presence of thyroid autoantibodies and miscarriage rate. It is of interest that women with high titers do not show a higher miscarriage rate when compared with women having low titers, although, there is no general agreement on this issue. There are three possible explanations for the assumed association of thyroid autoimmunity with miscarriage: 1) pregnancy loss is an epiphenomenon and not a direct effect of the thyroid autoantibodies, the presence of thyroid autoantibodies reflecting a generalized activation of the immune system; 2) delayed conception from the presence of thyroid autoantibodies; hence, when women with thyroid autoimmunity become pregnant, face a higher risk of miscarriage because of older age; and 3) the pregnancy loss is secondary to a subtle deficiency in thyroid hormone concentrations or a lower capacity of the thyroid to adequately adapt to the demands of pregnancy.

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Mild Thyroid Abnormalities and Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion: Diagnostic and Therapeutical Approach1

Abstract: Mild thyroid abnormalities are associated with an increased rate of miscarriage. This poor obstetrical prognosis seems to be related to an impaired thyroid adaptation to pregnancy. Thyroid replacement therapy appears to be more effective than IVIG in preventing a new miscarriage.

Cited by 123 publications

References 14 publications

Abnormal Thyroid Function and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Abnormal Thyroid Function and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Prgnancy And Pregnancy Outcome

Thyroid autoimmunity and miscarriage

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