Abnormal Thyroid Function and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Shrestha, Abha; Chawla, C D

doi:10.3126/njog.v9i1.11184

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[22][23][24][25] It has negative impacts on child's neuro-intellectual development in infancy. 26 Clinical manifestation of thyroid disorders are often missed due to hypermetabolic state of pregnancy and subclinical nature of hypothyroidism 27 Early detection of thyroid disorders during pregnancy is easily detectable by thyroid function screening and can be effectively inexpensively treated. Timely treatment can prevent foetal and maternal adverse effects with good maternal and foetal outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction during first trimester of pregnancy: A descriptive cross‐sectional study

Sharma,

Gurung,

Katuwal

et al. 2023

Repro Female Child Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesThyroid dysfunction carries large burden during pregnancy and untreated thyroid dysfunction is associated with poor maternal and foetal outcome. The exact burden of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy in Nepal is not well established. This is descriptive cross‐sectional study done in tertiary care centre of Nepal to know burden of thyroid dysfunction and establish possible need of universal thyroid function screening during pregnancy.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted from 4 September 2020 to 3 September 2021 on pregnant women attending to ANC clinic during their first trimester after obtaining ethical approval. Among eligible patients, after taking informed consent, a total of 385 pregnant women were included in the study. Thyroid function status was assessed by measuring serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free tri‐iodothyronine (FT3). Women with pre‐existing thyroid disorders were excluded. Serum thyroid function was used to detect thyroid disorder based on American Thyroid Association 2011 criteria. A convenience sampling method was used. Point estimate and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.ResultsAmong 385 pregnant women, 152 (39.48%) (39.20–39.70, 95% CI) had thyroid disorders. Among thyroid disorders (n = 152), 111 (28.83%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, 37 (9.61%) overt hypothyroidism, 3 (0.78%) subclinical hyperthyroidism and 1 (0.26%) had overt hyperthyroidism.ConclusionAround four in every 10 pregnant women had thyroid disorder. Thyroid dysfunction is easily detectable and can be effectively, inexpensively treated, which can prevent adverse maternal and foetal outcome. Thus, we should consider universal screening of pregnant women for thyroid disorder especially in a country like Nepal where there is a high prevalence of undiagnosed thyroid disorder.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction during first trimester of pregnancy: A descriptive cross‐sectional study

Sharma,

Gurung,

Katuwal

et al. 2023

Repro Female Child Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Patients who have experienced recurrent pregnancy loss should be offered treatment in order to avoid errors during pregnancy [15]. Based on the work of thyroid associations, a proposal was developed in 2007 that addresses disease of the thyroid gland in pregnancy, detection of the illness, and treatment of the illness [16]. However, in a country like ours with limited resources and patients who are unaware of their own hypothyroidism, it may be difficult to bring all of the patients into the clinic for further evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Disorders in Pregnancy and Prevalence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Recurrent Early Pregnancy Losses

Younus¹,

Khan²,

Naz³

et al. 2021

PJMHS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Determine the frequency of hypothyroidism in recurrent pregnancy loss. Study Design: This is cross sectional. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of Dow Medical University & Hospital, Ojha Campus, Karachi, from 7th July 2018 to 6th July 2019. Methodology: This study was conducted on 83 patients. Detailed history was taken from all the patients with special regard to demographics like age, parity and recurrent pregnancy loss. A 3 ml venous blood was drawn by the staff on duty and sent to institutional laboratory for TSH and free T4 level. TSH values more than 4.5 μIU/L and normal free T4 level (0.7 to 1, 8 ng/ml) were considered as hypothyroidism. All pregnant female was between age 20-35 years with > 6 months gestational age and history of parity 3 and gravida 4 were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were known case of hypothyroidism or history of taking medication for hypothyroidism, history of Hypertension and DM. Results: This study was conducted on 83 patients. There was wide variation of age ranging from a minimum of 20 years to 35 years. The mean age was 28.4+ 4.49 years. Mostly patients were parity 3 and gravid 4 in 55(66.26%) cases followed by parity 4 and gravid 4 in 28(33.73%) cases. Gestational age was measured on ultrasound ranging from 8 weeks to 22 weeks. The mean gestational age was 14.20+4.71 years. Patient's thyroid profile mean Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level was 2.39+1.66 mU/L, mean free T4 was 17.23+6.41 nmol/L and mean free T3 was 4.87+1.18 μmol/L. Observed hypothyroidism was in 11(13.3%) cases while rest of 72(86.7%) cases within normal range. Conclusion: We concluded that hypothyroidism is problem in recurrent pregnancy loss. 11(13.3%) cases Frequency of hypothyroidism in women with pregnancy, the possible role of thyroid functional disorders in etiology of at least some part of recurrent pregnancy loss, had emphasized the importance of thyroid functions tests screening as routine in all pregnancies. Keywords: Thyroid disease, Pregnancy outcome, Hypothyroidism.

show abstract

“…[14][15][16] Solution for Problem: According to the studies, testing to determine the level of thyroid hormones to detect hypothyroidism in the perinatal period and the replacement of levothyroxine in the first trimester of pregnancy is one of the therapeutic strategies to prevent complications of hypothyroid on the embryo. 17,18…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Consequences of Mothers’ Hypothyroidism in Children: A Systematic Review

Pazokian

Khalandi

2019

Int J Med Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder that, occurs in 2% to 5% of pregnancies. During pregnancy, the body's demand for thyroid hormones increases, which affects the growth of the fetus. In case of inadequate and defective production of thyroid hormones, adverse effects on the development of the fetus will appear. Lack of symptoms of hypothyroidism during pregnancy causes late diagnosis, resulting in a lack of timely treatment and impaired fetal development. The purpose of this review is to investigate the effects of mothers' hypothyroidism on children. Methods: This systematic review study was performed by searching the Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct databases for the period between 2018 and 2008 by including the keywords for hypothyroidism, thyroid hormones, growth in the uterus. A number of papers related to the use of the Cochran seven-step model were obtained and analyzed for the final analysis. Results: Thyroid hormones play a vital role in fetal development for ectopic life, through direct and indirect mechanisms that, act on the development of the fetus. Thyroid hormones help in the synthesis of surfactant and lung evolution, stimulation of secretion of catecholamine, increased beta-adrenergic receptors of the lung and stimulation: the activity of sodium and potassium pumps in the alveolar cell surface, the effect on the transmission of brain neurotransmitters and growth hormone, and nervous function. Conclusions: Thyroid hormones play a key role in fetal development. Therefore, in women with hypothyroidism, especially when not treated, it affects the development of the fetus and increases the incidence of complications in neonates. So early diagnosis of hypothyroidism and adequate and timely treatment during pregnancy is cornerstone in preventing impaired growth and development of the fetus and the occurrence of defects in childhood.

show abstract

Abnormal Thyroid Function and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction during first trimester of pregnancy: A descriptive cross‐sectional study

Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction during first trimester of pregnancy: A descriptive cross‐sectional study

Thyroid Disorders in Pregnancy and Prevalence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Recurrent Early Pregnancy Losses

Study of the Consequences of Mothers’ Hypothyroidism in Children: A Systematic Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About