Mild stunting is associated with higher body fat: study of a low-income population

Abstract

Objective: To determine the impact of transferring a pediatric population to mechanical ventilator dependency units (MVDUs) or to home mechanical ventilation (HMV) on bed availability in the pediatric intensive care unit (ICU).Methods: This is a longitudinal, retrospective study of hospitalized children who required prolonged mechanical ventilation at the MVDU located at the Hospital Auxiliar de Suzano, a secondary public hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. We calculated the number of days patients spent at MVDU and on HMV, and analyzed their survival rates with KaplanMeier estimator.Results: Forty-one patients were admitted to the MVDU in 7.3 years. Median length of stay in this unit was 239 days (interquartile range = 102-479). Of these patients, 22 came from the ICU, where their transfer made available 8,643 bed-days (a mean of 14 new patients per month). HMV of eight patients made 4,022 bed-days available in the hospital in 4 years (a mean of 12 new patients per month in the ICU). Survival rates of patients at home were not significantly different from those observed in hospitalized patients. Conclusion:A hospital unit for mechanical ventilator-dependent patients and HMV can improve bed availability in ICUs. Survival rates of patients who receive HMV are not significantly different from those of patients who remain hospitalized. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2011;87(2):138-144:Height, malnutrition, overweight, adolescent, poverty. ResumoObjetivos: Testar se os indivíduos com escores z de estatura para idade entre -2 e -1 apresentam maior porcentagem de gordura corporal e, portanto, não devem ser classificados como tendo estado nutricional normal. Métodos: Foram estudados 96 indivíduos (52 meninos e 44 meninas, 57% púberes). A composição corporal foi analisada por absortometria radiológica de dupla energia.Resultados: O percentual de gordura abdominal em meninas pré-púberes com baixa estatura foi maior (27,4%; p = 0,01) quando comparado ao grupo com estatura normal (20,6%). Diferenças semelhantes na gordura abdominal (%) foram observadas para as meninas e meninos púberes com baixa estatura e estatura normal (37,6 e 29,8%, p = 0,01; 24,6 e 15,7%, p = 0,01, respectivamente). Os percentuais de gordura corporal total das meninas pré-púberes e dos meninos púberes com baixa estatura foram superiores (29,9 e 24,5%, p = 0,03; 26,3 e 18,1%, p= 0,01, respectivamente) aos dos grupo com estatura normal. Os grupos com estatura normal apresentaram menor circunferência da cintura. Conclusão:Adolescentes com baixa estatura leve apresentam alterações na composição corporal, indicando aumento do risco para doenças metabólicas.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2011;87(2):138-144: Estatura, desnutrição, sobrepeso, adolescentes, pobreza.

Associação entre índice de massa de gordura e índice de massa livre de gordura e risco cardiovascular em adolescentes

“…It is known that a certain storage of body fat is needed for the occurrence of pubertal growth spurt in both sexes and that the relative amount of fat in females increases progressively during adolescence 23. In the study by Miranda et al,22 the highest accumulation was found in the prepubertal stage.…”

Moderate physical training attenuates perinatal low-protein-induced spleen lymphocyte apoptosis in endotoxemic adult offspring rats

“…Maternal and childhood malnutrition (or protein energy restriction) is considered one of the most important risk factors for common disease and death, affecting pregnant women and young children in poor countries [1][2][3][4]. In response to malnutrition, there is a reduction in the production of proteins of complement system, phagocytic function of macrophages, antibody production, lymphopenia, and low expression of proteins that activates T lymphocytes during an infection [5][6][7].…”

BMI, body fat and waist-to-height ratio of stunted v. non-stunted Indian children: a case–control study

“…Some studies have also shown that stunted children and adolescents have higher total body fat percentage (BF%) and central adiposity (14)(15)(16)(17)(18) . Central adiposity has been independently associated with high levels of serum TAG, non-HDL cholesterol, fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and C-reactive protein in young children (19,20) .…”