Microwave-assisted extraction used for the isolation of total triterpenoid saponins from Ganoderma atrum

Luo

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

et al. 2013

The roots of Gypsophila oldhamiana are rich in triterpenoid saponins with antitumor properties. Although previous reports have revealed the anticancer potency of some Gypsophila species, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this activity have not been studied in detail. The purpose of the present study was to prepare a triterpenoid saponin-rich G. oldhamiana root extract (TGOE) determined by LC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS n for biological studies and to evaluate the different anti-proliferative activities and apoptotic effects of TGOE on human hepatoma SMMC-7721 and normal human hepatic L02 cells.

Section: Determination Of Total Triterpenoid Saponin Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Apoptotic Effects of Triterpenoid Saponin-Rich <i>Gypsophila oldhamiana</i> Root Extract on Human Hepatoma SMMC-7721 and Normal Human Hepatic L02 Cells

Luo

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

et al. 2013

“…The initial increase in extraction yield supports the fact that the more the time the more the thermal accumulation within the solvent (methanol) due to the absorption of microwave energy enhanced the dissolution process of essential oil into the solvent (Maran et al, 2013). The decrease in yield after 10 min extraction time could however be related with the possible degradation of the plant material as the extraction time increases (Chen et al, 2007). …”

Section: Effect Of Extraction Timementioning

confidence: 68%

Characterization of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) Essential Oils Extracted by Microwave Assisted Extraction

2017

J App Pharm Sci

The main objective of this research is to extract and characterize the essential oils of Eurycoma longifolia jack (Tongkat Ali) root using microwave assisted extraction (MAE) The effect of various process parameters such as extraction time (5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30min, and 45 min), microwave power (200W, 225W, 250W, 275W, 300W and 400W) and raw material to solvent ratio (RMTSR) (1:6, 1:8, 1:10 and 1:12) on the yield and its major constituents were investigated in this study to obtain the optimum conditions for the extraction process. The pure essential oil obtained was characterized using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GCMS) techniques. The findings showed that the optimal conditions for the microwave assisted extraction of Eurycoma longifolia are 10 minutes extraction time, 225W microwave power and 1:10 for (RMTSR) with the maximum yield percentage of 1.91% .

“…42,43 Este fenômeno consiste na formação de zonas irregulares de aquecimento, que podem estar relacionadas com a degradação dos compostos. Chen et al 44 observaram que, mesmo em temperaturas fixas, tempos mais prolongados de irradiação das micro-ondas provocaram a degradação de saponinas.…”

Section: Caveolunclassified

Saponificação Assistida Por Micro-Ondas Na Extração De Diterpenos Em Café Arábica Torrado

2017

MICROWAVE ASSISTED SAPONIFICATION FOR DITERPENES EXTRACTION IN ROASTED ARABICA COFFEE. The extraction of kahweol and cafestol involves saponification reaction. This step is important for the efficiency of the extraction as the diterpenes are susceptible to structural changes during hydrolysis. The microwave-assisted saponification has been successfully used in different matrices, but there is no previous report of the use of this technique in the saponification of diterpenes. Therefore, the effect of microwave-assisted saponification on the extraction of kahweol and cafestol in roasted coffee was evaluated. A 3 2 factorial experimental design was used in order to evaluate the effect of temperature (70, 80, and 90 ºC) and reaction time (4, 8, and 12 min). The quantification of diterpenes was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography and the results were compared to with those obtained by a method, which uses thermostatic bath for saponification. Temperature and time had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on diterpenes levels. For simultaneous saponification of kahweol and cafestol, the optimal reaction conditions were 80 ºC / 12 min. The use of microwave-assisted procedure lead to lower yields of kahweol (24%) and cafestol (35%) compared to reference method. However a significant reduction of reaction time (80%) was achieved, and the procedure also has the advantage of controlled process conditions and the possibility of extended scale.Keywords: kahweol; cafestol; microwave assisted saponification; Coffea arabica. INTRODUÇÃOO café é uma das bebidas mais populares do mundo e a produção e comercialização do grão representa uma atividade econômica importante para muitos países, incluindo o Brasil, que é o maior produtor mundial de café e o segundo maior consumidor. Os lipídios constituem uma das classes de compostos mais importantes no café e estão relacionados com a qualidade e as propriedades funcionais da bebida.3 Benefícios à saúde decorrentes do consumo moderado de café, como a redução da incidência de doenças crônico-degenerativas, têm sido reportados, assim como a correlação do consumo da bebida com a redução da taxa de mortalidade. 4 A fração lipídica do café é composta principalmente por triacilgliceróis, esteróis e quantidades significativas de diterpenos com esqueleto do tipo caurano. O caveol (PubChem CID: 114778) e cafestol (PubChem CID: 108052) (Figura 1), principais representantes dos diterpenos no café, correspondem a 20% dos lipídios no grão e podem ser encontrados na forma livre ou esterificados com diferentes ácidos graxos, sendo a segunda forma a majoritária.5-7 O interesse por estes compostos é reportado em diferentes estudos que investigam desde a contribuição à saúde pelo consumo de bebidas de café até a aplicação como parâmetro de qualidade, para identificação de espécies de café em blends comerciais.8 Bioativos de importância pela reconhecida capacidade antioxidante e as propriedades anticarcinogênicas e anti-inflamatórias, tem sido ainda citada a aplicação de diterpenos em produtos c...