Microstructure and physical properties of sol gel derived SnO2:Sb thin films for optoelectronic applications

Compositional dependence of structure, optical and electrochemical properties of antimony(III) oxide doped lead glasses and vitroceramics

“…In polycrystalline oxides, oxygen vacancies are known to be the most common defects and form the donor level [27,28]. The origin of the band situated between 375 and 475 nm is attributed to the electron transition from the donor level formed by oxygen vacancies to the acceptor level formed by other defects and impurities, in our case formed by antimony ions.…”

Evaluation of an Nd doping effect on characteristic properties of tin oxide

“…TCOs have been wide-spread used in solar window materials [3], heat reflectors [4], gas sensors [5], Li-ion batteries and dye-sensitized solar cells etc. owing to their high electrical conductance, good optical transmittance in visible region and reflectance in infrared region, chemically inertness and mechanical rigidity [6,7]. Although Al doped ZnO (AZO), F doped SnO 2 (FTO), indium tin oxide (ITO) have commercially sold in the industrial markets as well as their usage in various devices, a lot of studies are still being made to fabricate more efficiency TCO materials.…”

Improved electrical transport in lightly Er-doped sol–gel spin-coating SnO2 thin films, processed by photolithography

“…On the other hand, they generate films with higher electric instabilities. Among the humid routes, most used are as follows: chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [28,29], sol-gel spin-coating/dip-coating [30,31] and spray pyrolysis [32,33]. Dry or physical routes are also used, such as sputtering [34], electron beam [35] and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [36].…”