Microscopic and electrochemical characterization of lead film electrode applied in adsorptive stripping analysis

Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetric Method for Determination of Gallium Using an In Situ Plated Lead Film Electrode

“…In the last few years lead film electrodes were introduced for stripping analysis and they have been applied until today for the determination of selected metal ions, Co(II), Ni(II), U(VI), Pt(IV) 21–26. In paper 27 the microscopic and electrochemical characterization of the lead film electrode applied in adsorptive stripping analysis was precisely described.…”

Ex Situ Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) Investigation of Bismuth‐ and Bismuth/Lead Alloy Film‐Modified Gold Electrodes in Alkaline Medium

“…The deposition was performed under potentiostatic conditions at À0.1 V against an Ag/AgCl reference electrode in a plating solution consisting of 5 mmol L À1 Hg 2 (NO 3 ) 2 in 1 mol L À1 KNO 3 acidified with nitric acid to pH < 1. The mercury microelectrode was characterised for voltammetric and SECM measurements as reported in refs [36,37].…”

“…For these measurements the bulk solution contains the oxidised or reduced form of a reversible (or quasi-reversible) redox couple as mediator, and the amperometric response at the microelectrode tip is recorded as a function of the tip/substrate distance (so called approach curves) [22]. Theoretical approach curves have been derived for a variety of tip geometries and for a large number of chemical and electrochemical phenomena occurring at the substrate surface [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. The comparison between experimental and theoretical approach curves allows obtaining relevant information on the investigated surfaces [22].…”

Highly Sensitive and Selective Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Method Employing a Lead Film Screen‐printed Electrode for Determination of Cobalt as its Nioximate Complex

“…TheA dSVp rocedures utilizingt he dioximate complexes belong to the most sensitivea nd selective analytical methodso fC oa nd Ni determination [ 6,24].A mong them, the method with dimethylglyoxime (DMG) is commonly used as the standard procedure [25,26].H owever, in the case of Co,t he AdSV method with nioxime [27], and especially its catalytic version with nioximea nd nitrite [6,24,[28][29][30][31][32],a ppear to be the mosts ensitive.I ndependently of the voltammetric mode used, the AdSV response of Co(II) in the presence of nioximei st wo to five times highert han that for DMG [27,28].T herefore,t he nioximel igand proved to be very effective for the quantificationo fu ltratrace levels of Co in ocean water using AdSV [27] and catalytic AdSV in variousm aterials at the mercurya nd otherm etallicf ilm electrodes [6,18,19,24,[28][29][30][31][32].I ts hould also be mentioned that Baars and Croot have recently founda nother extremely sensitive CAdSV method of Co(II) determination exploiting bromate instead of nitrite as an oxidant [ 33,34].T hey observed that the catalytic enhancement was much higher for DMG than for the nioximel igand.H ence,t he highest sensitivity of the CAdSV procedure of Co(II) determination may be reachedb ya pplyingaspecific combination Abstract:Acarbon screen-printed electrodem odifiedi nsitu with lead film (PbF-SPCE)w as applied for the adsorptives tripping voltammetric determinationo fC o(II) in the form of ac omplexw ith 1,2-cyclohexanedione dioxime.L ead film was electrochemically depositedi ns itu on SPCE from a0 . 2 of ligand and catalytic reagent.W hile there are detailed studies of the reduction mechanism of Co(II)a nd Ni(II) complexes with DMG [6,24,[35][36][37]…”

“…two orders of magnitude lower than that of Hg(II) [15].T hesee lectrodes have mostly been utilized for the anodic stripping voltammetric determination of Pb,C d, Zn, Tl;h owever, cases of adsorptives tripping voltammetric (AdSV) quantification of some metals,m ostly Ni and Co,a tt hese film electrodes have also been reported [6,13,14,16,17].I np articular, lead film electrodes deposited in-situ at the glassy carbon (GC) support offer outstanding performance in terms of selectivity and sensitivity in AdSV determinationo fs ome metals,s uch as Ni, Co [13,14,[18][19][20] TheA dSVp rocedures utilizingt he dioximate complexes belong to the most sensitivea nd selective analytical methodso fC oa nd Ni determination [ 6,24].A mong them, the method with dimethylglyoxime (DMG) is commonly used as the standard procedure [25,26].H owever, in the case of Co,t he AdSV method with nioxime [27], and especially its catalytic version with nioximea nd nitrite [6,24,[28][29][30][31][32],a ppear to be the mosts ensitive.I ndependently of the voltammetric mode used, the AdSV response of Co(II) in the presence of nioximei st wo to five times highert han that for DMG [27,28].T herefore,t he nioximel igand proved to be very effective for the quantificationo fu ltratrace levels of Co in ocean water using AdSV [27] and catalytic AdSV in variousm aterials at the mercurya nd otherm etallicf ilm electrodes [6,18,19,24,[28][29][30][31][32].I ts hould also be mentioned that Baars and Croot have recently founda nother extremely sensitive CAdSV method of Co(II) determination exploiting bromate instead of nitrite as an oxidant [ 33,…”