Micropropagation of Vaccinium myrtillus L. (Bilberry) naturally growingin the Turkish flora

Abstract

This study was designed to micropropagate Vaccinium myrtillus L., a naturally growing bilberry, in the Turkish flora. In order to determine the most effective basal medium, lateral buds were initially selected as explants, which were then individually cultured in Murashige and Skoog medium, Anderson's rhododendron medium, and McCown's woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 1.0 mg L -1 zeatin in combination with either 0.1 mg L -1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or 0.1 mg L -1 α-naphthalene acetic acid. WPM, supplemented with zeatin and IBA, was found to be the most effective basal medium tested. As shoot regeneration ability highly depends on the medium and cytokinin concentration, WPM basal media containing various concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg L -1 ) of 3 different cytokinins, namely zeatin, thidiazuron, and N 6 -[2-isopentenyl] adenine, were employed together with IBA (0.1 mg L -1 ) and were compared with basal media containing none of the growth regulators. In terms of shoot multiplication, 2.0 mg L -1 zeatin was found to be superior to the other tested growth regulators when combined with 0.1 mg L -1 IBA. WPM was also used as a basal medium for rooting and was supplemented with different concentrations of IBA (0.25-2.0 mg L -1 ) with or without activated charcoal (AC). WPM supplemented with 0.5/1.0 mg L -1 IBA/AC was the best culture medium for rooting with 60% root formation.

In vitro production protocol of Vaccinium uliginosum L. (bog bilberry)growing in the Turkish flora

“…Since the highest values were obtained from the WPM medium in shoot initiation studies, WPM containing various concentrations of cytokinins, auxins, and GA 3 and PGR-free medium were employed in the shoot multiplication studies for bog bilberry. In several reports, researchers suggested WPM medium for high shoot multiplication success (Liu et al, 2008;Cüce and Sökmen, 2015), while MS was suggested as a very effective medium for several Vaccinium species (Gu et al 2009;Cappelletti et al, 2016). In this report, zeatinsupplemented WPM in combination with IBA was found to be most favorable for shoot induction with 63.33% success and the result was similar to our previous report (Cüce and Sökmen, 2013).…”

“…Explants excised from different parts of the plant can show very different multiplication success rates because of the differences between the physiological state of the buds on different regions of the stem, as reported by Debnath and McRae (2001a), as well as the natural growth environmental factors and collection time of the explants. The genus Vaccinium has greater variability than other Ericaceae members, and therefore they could need special optimization protocols for micropropagation (Cüce and Sökmen, 2015). As far as our literature survey could ascertain, no comprehensive report is available concerning the comprehensive micropropagation possibilities of V. uliginosum growing in the Turkish flora.…”

“…This finding is also consistent with a previous report dealing with V. macrocarpon (Marcotrigiano and McGlew, 1991). Different plant parts have been used as explants in many studies and in most cases zeatin was more effective in terms of shoot multiplication of bilberry (Cüce and Sökmen, 2015), lowbush blueberry (Kaldmäe et al, 2006), whortleberry (Cüce et al, 2013), and highbush blueberry (Tetsumura et al, 2008). Contrarily, the 2iP/IBA combination was effective for shoot elongation in highbush blueberry (Litwińczuk and Wadas, 2008).…”

In vitro propagation of Gaultheria pumila (L.f.) D.J. Middleton (Ericaceae), a Chilean native berry with commercial potential

“…used with the intention of increasing asepsis in explants, especially in the Ericaceae family. In Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. and Vaccinium myrtillus L., surface sterilization with 70% ethanol for 1 minute followed by disinfection for 15 min with 3% sodium hypochlorite showed positive disinfection results (Cüce et al, 2013;Cüce & Sökmen, 2015).…”

Phenolic Constituents of Vaccinium Species from Both Natural Resources and Micropropagated Plantlets

“…Because of these biological benefits, there is a growing interest in Vaccinium species, and many researchers study the commercial cultivation of these species. Due to the many advantages, including a mass effective clonal propagation, a fully controlled environment, a shortened growth cycle, an uninterrupted production process, and production of disease-free plants, plant tissue culture techniques have recently been preferred for the propagation of these species [5][6][7][8].…”