Microphysical Effects of Water Content and Temperature on the Triboelectrification of Volcanic Ash on Long Time Scales

Harper, Joshua Méndez; Courtland, Leah Michelle; Dufek, Josef; McAdams, J.

doi:10.1029/2019jd031498

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Such global lightning detection data was used during the response to the eruption of the remote, and under-instrumented Bogoslof volcano in Alaska (Coombs et al, 2018), where lightning was detected from only roughly half of the ash-producing eruptions. Van Eaton et al (2020) showed that secondary ice-charging processes (Arason et al, 2011;Behnke et al, 2013;Van Eaton et al, 2016;Woodhouse & Behnke, 2014), rather than ash-charging processes (e.g., Houghton et al, 2013;James et al, 2000;Mendez Harper & Dufek, 2016;Mendez Harper et al, 2020;Stern et al, 2019), were likely responsible for the lightning detected by the global networks, and speculated that it was very likely that there was much more lightning and electrical activity that occurred that wasn't detected by the long-range VLF sensors. During this eruption, the global lightning data was a boon for the volcano response effort, though the latency between eruption and first lightning detection varied from one minute to one hour.…”

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confidence: 99%

Radio Frequency Characteristics of Volcanic Lightning and Vent Discharges

et al. 2021

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In this study, we analyze the pulse width and spectral content of vent discharges and volcanic lightning flashes. We made measurements of electrical activity with a broadband very high frequency antenna (20–80 MHz) during an explosive eruption of Sakurajima volcano on November 8, 2019. The individual impulses that comprise vent discharges and volcanic lightning were analyzed to determine the fundamental width of the impulses and the rate of fall‐off of their energy spectral density. The results show that vent discharges are more similar to volcanic lightning than they are different. The mean pulse width for both vent discharges and volcanic lightning was 50 ns. Both types of electrical activity had similar spectral content; the average slope of the amplitude spectra was −3.4 for both. Further, examination of the pulse width and spectral slope distributions showed that while the distributions of volcanic lightning and vent discharges are statistically distinct from each other, the distribution of vent discharges is a subset of the distribution of volcanic lightning.

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confidence: 99%

Radio Frequency Characteristics of Volcanic Lightning and Vent Discharges

et al. 2021

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“…Charging in volcanic plumes may also be actively detected using satellite GNSS networks such as GPS (Méndez Harper et al 2019 ). Dense plumes of volcanic ash can attenuate GPS signals, providing information on microphysical and charge properties of the plumes (Aranzulla et al 2013 ; Larson 2013 ; Grapenthin et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Detection and Characteristics Of Volcanic Lightningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic electrification: recent advances and future perspectives

et al. 2022

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The electrification of volcanic plumes has been described intermittently since at least the time of Pliny the Younger and the 79 AD eruption of Vesuvius. Although sometimes disregarded in the past as secondary effects, recent work suggests that the electrical properties of volcanic plumes reveal intrinsic and otherwise inaccessible parameters of explosive eruptions. An increasing number of volcanic lightning studies across the last decade have shown that electrification is ubiquitous in volcanic plumes. Technological advances in engineering and numerical modelling, paired with close observation of recent eruptions and dedicated laboratory studies (shock-tube and current impulse experiments), show that charge generation and electrical activity are related to the physical, chemical, and dynamic processes underpinning the eruption itself. Refining our understanding of volcanic plume electrification will continue advancing the fundamental understanding of eruptive processes to improve volcano monitoring. Realizing this goal, however, requires an interdisciplinary approach at the intersection of volcanology, atmospheric science, atmospheric electricity, and engineering. Our paper summarizes the rapid and steady progress achieved in recent volcanic lightning research and provides a vision for future developments in this growing field.

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“…Explosive eruptions eject massive quantities of fine ash (<63 μm) into the atmosphere and can be accompanied by volcanic lightning near the vent, within the overlying jet (Aizawa et al., 2016; Behnke et al., 2011, 2014; Cimarelli et al., 2016; McNutt & Williams, 2010; Woodhouse & Behnke, 2014). Experiments (Cimarelli et al., 2014; Forward et al., 2009; Gaudin & Cimarelli, 2019a; James et al., 2000; Méndez Harper & Dufek, 2016; Méndez‐Harper et al., 2015, 2020; Stern et al., 2019b; Vossen et al., 2021) and observations (Aizawa et al., 2016; Behnke et al., 2011, 2014, 2018; Behnke & McNutt, 2014; Cimarelli et al., 2016; Haney et al., 2020) suggest that the occurrence, frequency and intensity of electrical discharges near the vent and within the overlying ash column are sensitive to the concentration of fine ash and the character of underlying mechanisms of particle‐particle collisions and charge transfer (Behnke & Bruning, 2015; Bruning & MacGorman, 2013; Smith et al., 2018). Within the ash columns, this momentum exchange is also diagnostic of turbulent entrainment and mixing properties (Behnke & Bruning, 2015) that govern the rise and gravitational stability of eruption columns (Gilchrist & Jellinek, 2021; Woods, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%