Microencapsulation for the Therapeutic Delivery of Drugs, Live Mammalian and Bacterial Cells, and Other Biopharmaceutics: Current Status and Future Directions

Abstract

Microencapsulation is a technology that has shown significant promise in biotherapeutics, and other applications. It has been proven useful in the immobilization of drugs, live mammalian and bacterial cells and other cells, and other biopharmaceutics molecules, as it can provide material structuration, protection of the enclosed product, and controlled release of the encapsulated contents, all of which can ensure efficient and safe therapeutic effects. This paper is a comprehensive review of microencapsulation and its latest developments in the field. It provides a comprehensive overview of the technology and primary goals of microencapsulation and discusses various processes and techniques involved in microencapsulation including physical, chemical, physicochemical, and other methods involved. It also summarizes the state-of-the-art successes of microencapsulation, specifically with regard to the encapsulation of microorganisms, mammalian cells, drugs, and other biopharmaceutics in various diseases. The limitations and future directions of microencapsulation technologies are also discussed.

Controlled release of active agents from microcapsules embedded in textile structures

“…Systematization of microencapsulation approaches for entrapment of drugs is elaborated in a couple of thorough review articles (Lam and Gambari, 2014;Tomaro-Duchesneau et al, 2012). Systematization of microencapsulation approaches for entrapment of drugs is elaborated in a couple of thorough review articles (Lam and Gambari, 2014;Tomaro-Duchesneau et al, 2012).…”

Microencapsulation of Baker’s Yeast in Gellan Gum Beads Used in Repeated Cycles of Glucose Fermentation

“…New technologies using immobilized cells on polymer matrices have been elaborated, with various practical applications, such as in the biomass production, the preparation of high value compounds, the biological treatment of polluted waters, the controlled drug release, and the microbial biosensors [5,[7][8][9].…”

Encapsulation of anti-carbonic anhydrase IX antibody in hydrogel microspheres for tumor targeting

“…Moreover, it provides structuration as well as protection and controlled release of the encapsulated material 1 . Out of many applications of encapsulations for therapy, one of the most studied systems is the encapsulation of insulin-producing cells for transplantation and treatment of diabetes Type I [1][2][3] .…”

“…Moreover, it provides structuration as well as protection and controlled release of the encapsulated material 1 . Out of many applications of encapsulations for therapy, one of the most studied systems is the encapsulation of insulin-producing cells for transplantation and treatment of diabetes Type I [1][2][3] . Sodium alginate is a widely used biopolymer implemented in diverse medical applications (wound healing, cartilage repair, bone regeneration, and drug delivery) 4 and is considered as one of the most suitable biomaterials for encapsulation.…”