Microbial Populations, Fermentation End-Products, and Aerobic Stability of Corn Silage Treated with Ammonia or a Propionic Acid-Based Preservative

Abstract

We studied the effects of ammonia treatment on microbial populations during the fermentation of corn silage. We also compared the effects of ammonia to a preservative containing buffered propionic acid and other antifungal compounds on the fermentation and aerobic stability of corn silage. In the first experiment, whole-plant corn was ensiled without treatment or treated with ammonia-N to supply an additional 0.3% N (fresh-forage basis). The addition of ammonia immediately increased silage pH and had no effect on numbers of lactic acid bacteria, but delayed their growth compared with untreated silage. Numbers of enterobacteria declined more slowly, but numbers of yeasts and molds declined more quickly in silage treated with ammonia. During the early stages of ensiling, lactic acid increased more rapidly in untreated than in treated silage. The reverse was true for acetic acid concentrations. When exposed to air, growth of yeasts and molds was delayed in ammonia-treated silage. In a second experiment, various levels (0.1 to 0.3%, fresh weight) of ammonium-N or a preservative with buffered propionic acid were added to whole-plant corn and allowed to ensile for 106 d. Silage treated with ammonia had a greater ratio of L- to D-lactic acid than did other silages. Untreated silage was aerobically stable for 32.3 h, whereas the low (42 h) and moderate (52.7 h) concentrations of both additives numerically improved aerobic stability. High concentrations of ammonia-N (0.3%) or a buffered propionic acid preservative (0.3%), markedly improved the aerobic stability of corn silage (82 and 69 h for ammonia and propionic acid-treated silage, respectively).

Chemical composition, fermentation, in vitro digestibility and in situ degradability of sugar cane silages with Lactobacillus, urea and agricultural byproduct

“…The determinations of the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were performed according to ; from the residuals from the NDF and ADF, the neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen (NDIN), and the acid detergent insoluble nitrogen (ADIN) were analysed, according to Licitra et al (1996). The lignin was determined in the samples according to Van Soest & Wine (1968) and the silica according to Van Soest & Jones (1968).…”

“…The aerobic stability of the silages (expressed in hours) was evaluated through the temperature control of the silage exposed to the air, according to the adapted method of Kung Jr et al (2000). The silages of each treatment were kept in sheltered environment, without temperature control.…”

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH RAMI (Boehmeria nivea) SEBAGAI BAHAN COMPLETE FEED TERHADAP KONSUMSI DAN KECERNAAN IN VIVO PADA KAMBING PERANAKAN ETAWA BETINA LEPAS SAPIH

“…Selulosa merupakan salah satu komponen dalam ADF. Penurunan serat pada silage terkait dengan aktivitas enzim proteolitik dan fibrolitik dari mikrobia dan tanaman (Kung et al, 2000;Nadeau et al, 2000). Enzim-enzim tersebut bersifat labil pada suasana asam dengan aktivitas optimum pada pH 5-6 (McDonald, 1981).…”

Inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Control of Postharvest Anthracnose Disease on Mango Fruit Using Propionic Acid Combined with Bee-Carnauba Wax Emulsion

“…Larous et al (2007) found that propionic acid at a concentration of 0.2% could inhibit the growth of Penecillium expansum completely. Inhibition of the growth of propionic acid is most effective in molds > yeast > bacteria (Kung et al, 2000). At concentration 0.1%, propionic acid completely inhibited the yield of mycelia and sclerotia of Aspergillus parasiticus (Chourasia, 1993).…”