Micro total analysis system (?TAS)

Fabrication of microchip electrophoresis devices and effects of channel surface properties on separation efficiency

“…The advantages of microchip electrophoresis include: rapid analysis; miniscule consumption of the sample; the possibility of electrokinetic control of the fluids; the use of high separation field strength; and simple coupling of various channels for sample concentration, mixing, dilution, reaction, etc. [3][4][5]. Various separation modes and sample manipulation methods have been developed for microchip electrophoresis, increasing its usefulness [6].…”

Water flow through carbon nanotube junctions as molecular convergent nozzles

“…Hence, the vacuum space should be taken into account. In the present case, R = R − 1 2 r 0 and R = R − r 0 , where R = 1 2 D (n,m) and r 0 = 2 1/6 σ CO (i.e., r 0 is the distance at which carbon-oxygen interaction vanishes), can be considered as such definitions. A schematic representation of R and R is shown in figure 4, where R corresponds to the non-interacting surface itself, and R corresponds to the position of the oxygen atom when a water molecule is in the non-interacting distance.…”

“…Nanofluidic applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are expected to play an important role in systems requiring the manipulation of small numbers of molecules and control of the dynamics of such systems. This type of control may be useful in tuned chemical reactions, analysis systems smaller than current micro total analysis systems (µ-TASs) [1][2][3], and hydraulic actuation of nanoscale mechanical systems.…”

“…Equilibrium properties of water inside CNTs, such as hydrogen bond and atomic density profiles [4], contact angle of droplets [5], phase equilibrium [6], diffusion coefficients [7,8], a special phase induced by the confinement [9], diameter and helicity dependence of the basic structure [10], pulselike transmission in the (6,6) CNT [11], and hydrogen bond dynamics [12], have been studied. Water properties 1 Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed.…”

Electrostatic control of microstructure thermal conductivity

“…Several examples are IR sensors, 1 incandescent sources, 2 microchemical cells, 3 hot plates, and thermal actuators. Since the conductance enables heat transfer away from a device, it is often desired to be as high as possible.…”