2004
DOI: 10.1007/s10832-004-5131-x
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Micro Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Motors

Abstract: This paper reviews recent developments of micro ultrasonic rotary motors using piezoelectric resonant vibrations. Following the historical background, four ultrasonic motors recently developed at Penn State University are introduced; windmill, PZT tube, metal tube, and shear-type motors. Driving principles and motor characteristics are described in comparison with the conventional ultrasonic motors. Motors with 1.5 mm in diameter and 0.8 mN·m in torque have been actually developed.

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Cited by 84 publications
(37 citation statements)
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“…In contrast, heat engines operate with efficiencies of less than 60%, and generally the efficiency decreases as the size of the engine decreases due to higher thermal losses. Large electric motors achieve efficiencies of close to 100%, but the efficiency drops to below 20% for electric micromotors (30). Efforts to exploit phase transitions in polymer gels for force generation scalable to the molecular scale achieved an efficiency on the order of 10 −6 (31).…”
Section: Efficiencymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast, heat engines operate with efficiencies of less than 60%, and generally the efficiency decreases as the size of the engine decreases due to higher thermal losses. Large electric motors achieve efficiencies of close to 100%, but the efficiency drops to below 20% for electric micromotors (30). Efforts to exploit phase transitions in polymer gels for force generation scalable to the molecular scale achieved an efficiency on the order of 10 −6 (31).…”
Section: Efficiencymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Additionally, the adoption of advanced controllers, such as sliding mode control, fuzzy theory-based control, and adaptive control, requires many adjustable elements as well as an exact mathematical model. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Ultrasonic motors based on a friction force drive have been applied to these controllers, as an ultrasonic actuator has numerous advantages. These include high driving force, high holding force without any power supply, high precision, low magnetic noise, vacuum compatibility, rapid response, compact mechanism, and silent operation.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Piezoelectric motors have been exploited mainly in low power applications [3,4], including high accuracy positioning, manufacturing process control, pick-and-place assembly, camera autofocus. Anyway USMs can be exploited also in applications where there is the need for motors able to provide high torque but employed at very low duty cycle [5].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%