Micro-electromechanical film bulk acoustic sensor for plasma and whole blood coagulation monitoring

Abstract

Monitoring blood coagulation is an important issue in the surgeries and the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this work, we reported a novel strategy for the blood coagulation monitoring based on a micro-electromechanical film bulk acoustic resonator. The resonator was excited by a lateral electric field and operated under the shear mode with a frequency of 1.9GHz. According to the apparent step-ladder curves of the frequency response to the change of blood viscoelasticity, the coagulation time (prothrombin time) and the coagulation kinetics were measured with the sample consumption of only 1μl. The procoagulant activity of thromboplastin and the anticoagulant effect of heparin on the blood coagulation process were illustrated exemplarily. The measured prothrombin times showed a good linear correlation with R=0.99969 and a consistency with the coefficient of variation less than 5% compared with the commercial coagulometer. The proposed film bulk acoustic sensor, which has the advantages of small size, light weight, low cost, simple operation and little sample consumption, is a promising device for miniaturized, online and automated analytical system for routine diagnostics of hemostatic status and personal health monitoring.

ZnO Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator for the Kinetics Study of Human Blood Coagulation

“…This complex catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. There are no obviously viscosity changes occurring in the first cascade enzyme reaction [37], resulting in the first plateau phase of resonant frequency. Then, thrombin as the central protein in the coagulation cascade cleaves fibrinogen to fibrin.…”

Micro-Electromechanical Acoustic Resonator Coated with Polyethyleneimine Nanofibers for the Detection of Formaldehyde Vapor

“…Film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) is a promising microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonator and has obtained the preliminary success in radio frequency communication technologies [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Moreover, its applications for gas [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ] and biochemical detections [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ] have received attention thanks to the high sensitivity and micron-scale size. Compared with the conventional electroacoustic resonator such as quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), the important advance of FBAR is the use of 1–2 microns-thick piezoelectric films to replace the crystal plates, which provides a fundamental working frequency at several gigahertz and enough mass sensitivity to probe a single gas molecules layer [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Blood Coagulation Testing Smartphone Platform Using Quartz Crystal Microbalance Dissipation Method

“…Cantilever type resonators were packaged as cartridges which provided the ability to measure APTT and PT, an optical laser Doppler vibrometer was needed to measure the vibration amplitudes [ 33 ]. FBAR sensors were also used for PT measurement and only 1 μL sample was needed [ 34 ]. Although there were many research about blood coagulation, a portable, in vitro diagnostic device for blood coagulation function measurement was still absent.…”