Micelle-mediated extraction and preconcentration of ginsenosides from Chinese herbal medicine

Fang, Qun; Yeung, H.W.; Leung, Hei Wun; Huie, Carmen W.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00911-0

Cited by 70 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, if the number of factors to be investigated is big or mutual interactions exist among the factors, systematic optimization procedure is needed. Orthogonal design and uniform design, two systematic approaches widely utilized for optimization of other separation methods [149][150][151][152][153][154][155], have also been used in CZE analysis. The most remarkable advantage of these two methods is that the number of experiments can be considerably reduced comparing to univariate design.…”

Section: Optimization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of CZE for analysis of phytochemical bioactive compounds

Wang

2006

Electrophoresis

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Advantages of CZE such as high efficiency, low cost, short analysis time, and easy implementation result in its wide applications for analysis of phytochemical bioactive compounds (e.g. flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic acid, saponins, anthraquinones and coumarins). However, several aspects, including sample preparation, separation, and detection have significant effects on CZE analysis. Therefore, optimization of these procedures is necessary for development of the method. In this review, sample preparation such as extraction method and preconcentration, separation factors including buffer type, concentration and pH, additives, voltage and temperature, as well as detection, e.g. direct and indirect UV detection, LIF and MS were discussed for optimization of CZE analysis on phytochemical bioactive compounds. The optimized strategies were also reviewed.

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Section: Optimization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of CZE for analysis of phytochemical bioactive compounds

Wang

2006

Electrophoresis

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“…Ethanol/ water (95:5) was selected as the solvent based on earlier reports [13,14]. The co-extract gave a yellow color with the extraction solvent.…”

Section: Soxhlet Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reverse micelle formation was reported as a strategy for improving the extraction of polar species such as cholesterol from food with supercritical fluid carbon dioxide [12]. In ultrasonically assisted extraction of ginsenosides from American ginseng, the use of aqueous surfactant solution containing 10% Triton X-100 as the extraction solvent was found to result in faster extraction kinetics and higher recovery compared to methanol and water [13]. Reports on the used of surfactant-assisted pressurized hot water extraction with plant materials were limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of surfactant‐assisted pressurized hot water extraction for marker compounds in Radix Codonopsis pilosula using liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Ong

Len²

2003

J of Separation Science

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Evaluation of surfactant-assisted pressurized hot water extraction for marker compounds in Radix Codonopsis pilosula using liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometryIn the move towards the elimination of organic solvents in the extraction process in botanicals, a new method combining surfactant and pressurized hot water extraction (PWHE) with an applied temperature below the boiling point and lower pressure from 10 to 20 bar was developed for the analysis of marker compounds that are reasonably hydrophobic such as tetradeca-4E,12E-diene-8,10-diyne-1,6,7-triol and tetradeca-4E,12E-diene-8,10-diyne-1,6,7-triol-O-b-D-glucoside in Radix Codonopsis pilosula (DangShen). Because reference substances for the proposed botanicals were not available, a method was developed to isolate the marker compounds in Radix Codonopsis pilosula. Other than surfactant-assisted PHWE, the marker compounds present in Radix Codonopsis pilosula were extracted using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) with methanol and PHWE with a mixture of water/ethanol (80:20). The extracts were analyzed using liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. With surfactant-assisted PHWE, the effects of different added surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and Triton X-100 was studied. Surfactant assisted PHWE with Triton X-100 proved to be at least equivalent or better compared to Soxhlet extraction in terms of quantitative analysis of marker compounds in Radix Codonopsis pilosula. The method precision was less than 8% (RSD, n = 6). The presence of surfactants in PHWE was found to enhance the solubility of target compounds naturally occurring in medicinal plants.

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“…The cloud point behavior of surfactants (mostly polyoxyethylene-type non-ionic surfactants of the Triton Xseries) has been used in a pretreatment method prior to the determination of various inorganic and organic compounds. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Cloud point extraction has some advantages, such as inexpensive, high concentration efficiency, environmentally lower toxicity, simple procedure and small environmental pollution, over conventional liquid-liquid extraction. Upon heating a surfactant solution over a critical temperature, the solution easily separates into two distinct phases of an aqueous phase and a surfactant-rich phase.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The separated surfactant-rich phase can be directly subjected to HPLC or flow-injection analysis. 16,17 However, since surfactants interfere with the determination of an analyte, they should be separated from objective components. 18,19 In the present work, cloud point extraction was applied to the preconcentration of phenothiazine derivatives for GC analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloud Point Extraction and Preconcentration for the Gas Chromatography of Phenothiazine Tranquilizers in Spiked Human Serum

et al. 2004

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Cloud point extraction was successfully applied to the preconcentration of phenothiazine derivatives, such as pericyazine (PC), chlorpromazine (CP) and fluphenazine (FUL), for gas chromatography (GC). Phenothiazine derivatives were separated from surfactants by passing the surfactant-rich phase through a cation exchange column after cloud point extraction, permitting the determination of the phenothiazine derivatives extracted in the surfactant-rich phase by GC. The optimal condition for the cloud point extraction of phenothiazine derivatives was also investigated using Triton X-100, Triton X-114, and PONPE10. Triton X-114 provided the most efficient recovery of phenothiazine derivatives among the surfactants used. The addition of sodium chloride and excess ammonia to the sample solution resulted in a decrement of the recovery of the phenothiazine derivatives. The proposed method was applied to the determination of phenothiazine derivatives in spiked human serum by GC. The recoveries of PC, CP, and FUL in spiked human serum were 95.1%, 87.1%, and 84.7%, respectively.

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Micelle-mediated extraction and preconcentration of ginsenosides from Chinese herbal medicine

Cited by 70 publications

References 25 publications

Optimization of CZE for analysis of phytochemical bioactive compounds

Optimization of CZE for analysis of phytochemical bioactive compounds

Evaluation of surfactant‐assisted pressurized hot water extraction for marker compounds in Radix Codonopsis pilosula using liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Cloud Point Extraction and Preconcentration for the Gas Chromatography of Phenothiazine Tranquilizers in Spiked Human Serum

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