Mg/Al-CH, Ni/Al-CH and Zn/Al-CH, as adsorbents for Congo Red removal in aqueous solution

Abstract

In this study, chitosan was extracted from shrimp shells by demineralization and deproteination processes. The extracted chitosan was used to modify the layered double hydroxide and used as an adsorbent for the removal of congo red from aqueous solutions. Composites were successfully synthesized using M2+/Al (M2+ = Zn, Mg, Ni) and chitosan (CH) and the samples obtained were characterized using XRD and FTIR. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern appeared at the layered double hydroxide peak of 2? = 11.63°; 23.00°; 35.16°; and 61.59° and chitosan at 2? = 7.93° and 19.35. The composite appearing in the layered double hydroxide and chitosan indicated that the composite material has been successfully synthesized. The XRD diffraction patterns of Zn/Al-CH, Ni/Al-CH, and Mg/Al-CH showed low crystallinity. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra verifying absorption spectrum showed the presence of two bands at 3448 cm-1, 1382cm-1 characteristic to both chitosan and LDH. Adsorption of Congo Red (CR) followed the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models. The adsorption capacities of Zn/Al-CH, Ni/Al-CH, and Mg/Al-CH were 181.818 mg/g, 227.273 mg/g, and 344.828 mg/g, respectively. The layered double hydroxide-chitosan composite adsorption was endothermically characterized by positive enthalpy and entropy values. On the other hand, the adsorption spontaneously was characterized by a negative Gibbs free energy value. The composites in this study were formed from LDH modified from chitosan extracted from shrimp shells to form Zn/Al-CH, Ni/Al-CH, and Mg/Al-CH. The results of the characterization showed a number of characteristics that resembled the constituent materials in the form of LDH and chitosan. After being applied as an adsorbent to absorb Congo red dye, it then showed the most effective results using Mg/Al-CH adsorbent with an adsorption capacity of 344.828 mg/g.

Ammonium-Assisted Intercalation of Java Bentonite as Effective of Cationic Dye Removal

“…Table 2 explained the analysis of isotherm adsorption parameters, the highest adsorption capacity of RhB and MB were reached by NH-bentonite with the value 192.308 mg/g and 270.270 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption process has adhered to the Langmuir isotherm equation, confirmed by the R 2 value being closer to 1 (Chopra et al, 2012;Siregar et al, 2021). The Langmuir model described that the adsorption process was triggered by specific interaction between active site adsorbent to adsorbate and occurs in monolayer adsorption (Jović-Jovičić et al, 2008).…”

Modification of Mg/Al-LDH Intercalated Metal Oxide (Mg/Al-Ni) to Improve The Performance of Methyl Orange and Methyl Red Dyes Adsorption Process

“…Therefore, it is necessary to treat wastewater containing dyes before removing them into the waters to be safe for environmental ecosystems. Various treatment methods such as adsorption (Muslim et al, 2021;Wijaya et al, 2021;Siregar et al, 2021), biodegradation (Takkar et al, 2022;Maurya et al, 2022;Singh et al, 2022), coagulation (Mcyotto et al, 2021;El Gaayda et al, 2022), photodegradation (Dhir, 2021;Kader et al, 2022) and photocatalytic (Khan et al, 2018;Sun et al, 2022). Among some of these methods, the adsorption method is a method that is widely used for the removal of dyes because the process is cheap, simple, e ective, and environmentally friendly (Muslim et al, 2021) .…”

“…Among some of these methods, the adsorption method is a method that is widely used for the removal of dyes because the process is cheap, simple, e ective, and environmentally friendly (Muslim et al, 2021) . Several adsorbents have been studied and used for the removal of dyes, such as bio-adsorbents (Goyal et al, 2021;Akköz et al, 2019;Panchu et al, 2022), zeolites (Youssef et al, 2021Domenzain-Gonzalez et al, 2021;Abdelrahman, 2018), bentonite (Shirazi et al, 2020;Saja et al, 2020;Fabryanty et al, 2017), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) (Sriram et al, 2021;Feng et al, 2022;Kiwaan et al, 2021), graphite (Yin et al, 2021;Verma et al, 2020;Tian et al, 2021), and layered double hydroxide (Rashed et al, 2022;Wijaya et al, 2021;Siregar et al, 2021).…”

Hydrochar and Humic Acid as Template of ZnAl Layered Double Hydroxide for Adsorption of Phenol

“…Layered double hydroxide NiAl, ZnAl, and MgAl composited with carbon-based materials such as chitosan were e ectively to remove congo red, and the ability of the composite to be used repeatedly was stable until the seventh cycle in the regeneration process (Siregar et al, 2021) . Based on the literature, it can be concluded that carbon-based supporting materials to form composites, such as hydrochar and humic acid, are suitable for use in layered double hydroxide.…”