Methods for the Recovery of Clostridia from Foods

Gibbs, B. M.; Freame, Barbara

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1965.tb02131.x

Cited by 52 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…(µg·L -1 ) Pfennig (1978) was used with a slight modification as recommended by Overmann and Pfennig (1989). For the enumeration of clostridia and spirochetes, a differential reinforced clostridial medium (Gibbs and Freame 1965) and a pre-reduced rifampicin amended agar (Patel et al 1985) were used, respectively. For the enumeration of gramnegative, sulfur-reducing bacteria and gram-negative, nonspore-forming, sulfate-reducing bacteria, the modified multipurpose medium (Widdel and Pfennig 1992) and Postgates's medium (Postgate 1984) were used, respectively.…”

Section: El-tarabilymentioning

confidence: 99%

Total microbial activity and microbial composition of a mangrove sediment are reduced by oil pollution at a site in the Arabian Gulf

El‐Tarabily¹

2002

Can. J. Microbiol.

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In a study carried out to determine the effect of oil pollution on the microbiota of sediment associated with mangroves in the United Arab Emirates, sediment samples were collected from oil-polluted and nonpolluted mangrove sites. The levels of the total recoverable hydrocarbons and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons assayed were noticeably higher in the polluted sediment. Microbial activity as measured by the hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate and by the total populations of the culturable aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, streptomycete and non-streptomycete actinomycetes, and filamentous fungi and yeasts was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the polluted than in the nonpolluted sediment. The estimated total aerobic and anaerobic hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the polluted than in the nonpolluted sediments. Four days after the addition of the water-soluble fractions of the light Arabian crude oil to the nonpolluted sediment, at 10 different concentrations, there was a significant (P < 0.05) reduction (65%) in the microbial activity of the sediment compared with that of nonamended sediment. Concentrations of water-soluble fractions at 0.1% and above significantly and progressively reduced microbial activity, with total cessation of activity recorded at levels >50%. This study is the first to evaluate the effect of oil pollution on aerobic and anaerobic microbial flora of sediment of mangrove communities.

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Section: El-tarabilymentioning

confidence: 99%

Total microbial activity and microbial composition of a mangrove sediment are reduced by oil pollution at a site in the Arabian Gulf

El‐Tarabily¹

2002

Can. J. Microbiol.

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“…In more recent work enrichment in tetrathionate broth at 43° C followed by plating on brilliant green agar at 37° G (Kampelmacher, personal communication) has been adopted. Swabs of the breast and vent areas are examined using the differential, reinforced clostridial medium of Gibbs and Freame (1965) and identification if isolates is made on the lactose egg-yolk milk medium of Willis and Hobbs (1959), for the presence of " total" clostridia, clostridial spores and vegetative non-sporing CL welchii. Results of part of this work have been published (Gibbs, 1971).…”

Section: Contamination On Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological aspects of poultry processing

Patterson

1971

British Poultry Science

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The microbiological condition of poultry carcasses is shown to be influenced by the general hygiene in the processing plant which is largely determined by (i) the quality of the raw materials, (ii) the design of plant and buildings, (iii) personal hygiene and (iv) cleaning efficiency. The standard of hygiene is dealt with under (i) assessment of contamination on surfaces, (ii) estimation of contamination on carcasses, including bacteria of public health significance and (iii) other measurements of value. Microbiological sampling of surfaces and carcasses is discussed and standards are suggested for water supplies, surfaces and carcasses. Data are presented from 430 frozen eviscerated carcasses sampled over the period of 12 months from a large processing plant.

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“…The DRCM method was proposed by Gibbs & Freame (1965) and specified by ISO 6461-1 (1986) as a method for doi: 10.2166/WSL2012.758 the detection and enumeration of the spores of sulfite-reducing anaerobes (clostridia) in water. The DRCM method is a multiple tube fermentation technique which estimates the bacterial density or most probable number of bacteria in a sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of methods for the enumeration of Clostridium perfringens spores in water

Junqueira

Neto²,

Silva

et al. 2012

Water Science and Technology

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Four methods for enumerating Clostridium perfringens spores in water were evaluated: (1) the IMM (Iron Milk Medium) method (MPN); (2) the LS (Lactose Sulfite Broth) method (MPN); (3) the m-CP (membrane filtration Clostridium perfringens Agar) method (membrane filtration); and (4) the TSC (Tryptose Sulfite Cycloserine Agar) method (membrane filtration). The performance of these methods was compared with that of the DRCM (Differential Reinforced Clostridium Medium) method (MPN) as adopted by CETESB (Brazil's Environmental Sanitation Technology Company) for the analysis of C. perfringens spores in water. Statistical analysis was performed according to ISO 17994:2004 (Water Quality - Criteria for Establishing Equivalence between Microbiological Methods). The LS, m-CP, and TSC methods were considered not equivalent to the DRCM method, as they gave significantly lower results. The IMM showed inconclusive results and, according to ISO 17994:2004, analysis of a greater number of samples is needed to draw definitive conclusions comparing IMM and DRCM.

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Methods for the Recovery of Clostridia from Foods

Cited by 52 publications

References 28 publications

Total microbial activity and microbial composition of a mangrove sediment are reduced by oil pollution at a site in the Arabian Gulf

Total microbial activity and microbial composition of a mangrove sediment are reduced by oil pollution at a site in the Arabian Gulf

Microbiological aspects of poultry processing

Comparison of methods for the enumeration of Clostridium perfringens spores in water

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