Method validation and application of a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for drugs of abuse testing in exhaled breath

Rapid detection of nicotine from breath using desorption ionisation on porous silicon

“…18 As a result, additional laboratory testing using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is required off-site, significantly delaying the process of conviction or acquittal. Breath testing is a powerful technique, which holds promise in the field of drug detection, 19 and biomarker discovery. 20 Exhaled breath is composed of molecules, which are trapped in aerosol particles formed from the airway lining fluid.…”

“…Breath analysis offers a rapid, unalterable and non-invasive means of testing, which is globally accepted for point of collection alcohol testing. 21 Recently, several studies have emerged which demonstrate the detection of drugs of abuse from breath is also possible using LC-MS. 19 Furthermore, nicotine has been detected from vapour using various MS approaches. 22,23 The current validated procedure employs a breath collection device with a filter.…”

“…The filter is designed to trap the aerosol particles containing drug molecules but the drugs must then be extracted and concentrated from the filter for mass spectrometry analysis. 19 Here, we demonstrate the DIOS-MS detection of nicotine from breath using two different facile protocols. Unlike current mass spectrometry based techniques, our novel approach allows for direct detection of small molecules without the need for extraction, derivatisation or rinsing protocols.…”

Techniques and Technologies for The Bioanalysis of Sativex ® , Metabolites and Related Compounds

“…Stephanson et al [95] achieved an LOQ of 6 pg/filter THC in exhaled breath collected using a SensAbues device and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. THC was successfully measured using this method in eight real samples at 27-557 pg/filter [95].…”

Analytical Profiling of Airplane Wastewater - a New Matrix for Mapping Worldwide Patterns of Drug Use and Abuse

“…Conventional methods include analysis of seized materials and biological samples such as urine, saliva, hair, and blood. Newer methods include wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) [2], screening of pooled urine [3][4][5], urinated soil [4], and exhaled breath samples [6]. Low concentrations of analytical targets in pooled and diluted samples call for sophisticated sample work-up and/or highly sensitive and selective analytical equipment such as tandem mass spectrometry (MS/ MS) or high resolution MS in target screening mode [2;5;7].…”