Methanogenic Flora Is Associated With Altered Colonic Transit but Not Stool Characteristics in Constipation Without IBS

Attaluri, Ashok; Jackson, Michelle; Valestin, Jessica; Rao, Satish S.C.

doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.655

Cited by 220 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In another study, the presence of methanogenic fl ora was signifi cantly associated with chronic constipation ( 23 ). Furthermore, the amount of methane produced aft er a carbohydrate challenge and its prevalence were both higher in patients with slow-transit constipation compared with normal-transit constipation and nonconstipated controls.…”

Section: Is There a Role For Methane In Constipation-predominant Irrimentioning

confidence: 94%

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Methanogens in Human Health and Disease

Pimentel¹,

Gunsalus²,

Rao³

et al. 2012

Am J Gastroenterol Suppl

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Section: Is There a Role For Methane In Constipation-predominant Irrimentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Recently, the prevalence of methanogenic fl ora in patients with SIBO was assessed by Attaluri et al ( 23 ). In this study, SIBO was diagnosed if hydrogen or methane increased by 20 p.p.m.…”

Section: Is There a Role For Methane In Constipation-predominant Irrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanogens in Human Health and Disease

Pimentel¹,

Gunsalus²,

Rao³

et al. 2012

Am J Gastroenterol Suppl

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“…In humans, breath methane has been associated with constipation: we found that subjects with IBS who have methane on breath test were almost universally constipated [20], and subsequent studies showed methane to be predictive of constipation among functional bowel disease patients [23] as well as in IBS and non-IBS subjects [24]. In a meta-analysis of 1277 IBS patients, we found that methane was associated with constipation, with a pooled OR=3.51 (CI=2.00-6.16) [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane-producing human subjects have higher serum glucose levels during oral glucose challenge than non-methane producers: a pilot study of the effects of enteric methanogens on glycemic regulation

Mathur¹,

Goyal²,

Kim³

et al. 2014

Res J Endocrinol Metab

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Background: Recent studies support that intestinal microbes contribute to human disease, and enteric methanogens have been specifically linked to altered gut metabolism and weight gain. In this study, we tested whether methane on breath test (as a surrogate for colonization with the predominant methanogen Methanobrevibacter smithii) is associated with altered glucose tolerance in humans. Methods: Consecutive methane producing (methane ≥3ppm, N=5) and non-methane producing (methane <3ppm, N=15) subjects undergoing lactulose breath test at our center were recruited and subjected to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Results: The average age of methane-producing subjects was 48.8±10.0 vs. 37.7±12.1 for non-methane subjects (P=0.17). Methane and non-methane subjects also had comparable mean body mass index (BMI) (23.9±0.2 vs. 25.0±8.0 kg/m2; P=0.53) and baseline insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (1.32±0.72 vs. 2.21±1.52; P=0.23). During 180 minutes post-glucose load, methane producers had greater serum glucose area-under-the-curve (AUC) (774.2±140.3 mg/dL) than non-methane subjects (585.5±128.3 mg/dL) (P=0.03), but similar insulin AUC (217.76±122.08 μU/mL vs. 215.37±75.02 μU/mL, respectively). Conclusions: Individuals with methane on breath test (reflecting higher colonization with enteric methanogens, predominantly M. smithii) may have impaired glucose tolerance when challenged with a high carbohydrate load, and may also have a higher susceptibility to hyperglycemia which appears to be independent of basal insulin resistance and BMI.

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“…However, whether and how host physiologic factors, such as gastrointestinal transit time (13,14) and BMI (15,16), influence interpersonal variation in the representation of methanogens remains unclear. Methane excretion phenotyping of 274 Australian families containing adolescent twin pairs indicated that environmental exposures play a deterministic role in methanogen carriage, with similar concordance and correlations between MZ and DZ co-twins, and less concordance between parents and their offspring (17).…”

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confidence: 99%

Pan-genome of the dominant human gut-associated archaeon, Methanobrevibacter smithii , studied in twins

Hansen

Lozupone

Rey

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

220

192

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The human gut microbiota harbors three main groups of H 2 -consuming microbes: methanogens including the dominant archaeon, Methanobrevibacter smithii, a polyphyletic group of acetogens, and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Defining their roles in the gut is important for understanding how hydrogen metabolism affects the efficiency of fermentation of dietary components. We quantified methanogens in fecal samples from 40 healthy adult female monozygotic (MZ) and 28 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs, analyzed bacterial 16S rRNA datasets generated from their fecal samples to identify taxa that co-occur with methanogens, sequenced the genomes of 20 M. smithii strains isolated from families of MZ and DZ twins, and performed RNA-Seq of a subset of strains to identify their responses to varied formate concentrations. The concordance rate for methanogen carriage was significantly higher for MZ versus DZ twin pairs. Co-occurrence analysis revealed 22 bacterial specieslevel taxa positively correlated with methanogens: all but two were members of the Clostridiales, with several being, or related to, known hydrogen-producing and -consuming bacteria. The M. smithii pan-genome contains 987 genes conserved in all strains, and 1,860 variably represented genes. Strains from MZ and DZ twin pairs had a similar degree of shared genes and SNPs, and were significantly more similar than strains isolated from mothers or members of other families. The 101 adhesin-like proteins (ALPs) in the pan-genome (45 ± 6 per strain) exhibit strain-specific differences in expression and responsiveness to formate. We hypothesize that M. smithii strains use their different repertoires of ALPs to create diversity in their metabolic niches, by allowing them to establish syntrophic relationships with bacterial partners with differing metabolic capabilities and patterns of co-occurrence.hydrogen-consuming microbes | metagenomics | microbial genome evolution | horizontal gene tranfer H uman microbiome projects seek to determine how microbial communities are assembled, maintained, and operate within our various body habitats as a function of our different cultural and socioeconomic conditions, family structures, stages of life, genotypes, and physiologies. Culture-independent metagenomic surveys have revealed that microbial communities cluster according to body habitat but with considerable interpersonal variation in bacterial species content (1), although differences are smaller within rather than between families (2). The gut harbors our largest collection of microbes, spanning all three domains of life. Bacteria dominate, specifically members of the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes (2-5).Monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs provide an attractive study paradigm for dissecting the relative contributions of host genotype and environmental exposures to shaping the microbial and viral landscape of our gut microbiota (2, 6). To date, bacterial 16S rRNA datasets indicate that adult MZ co-twins share no more similarity in their fecal bacterial communities than DZ ...

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Methanogenic Flora Is Associated With Altered Colonic Transit but Not Stool Characteristics in Constipation Without IBS

Cited by 220 publications

References 18 publications

Methanogens in Human Health and Disease

Methanogens in Human Health and Disease

Methane-producing human subjects have higher serum glucose levels during oral glucose challenge than non-methane producers: a pilot study of the effects of enteric methanogens on glycemic regulation

Pan-genome of the dominant human gut-associated archaeon, Methanobrevibacter smithii , studied in twins

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