Metastatic carcinoma of the oral region: An analysis of 21 cases

Abstract

Background: Metastatic carcinoma to the jaws and oral region are very rare, representing less than 1% of all oral tumors. Unfortunately, oral metastasis is usually manifestation of an advanced stage of primary cancer, and indicates widespread disease and poor prognosis. Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 2039 patients with history of oral malignant tumor between 1980 and 2012 at Seoul National University Dental Hospital were evaluated. We analyzed the dental and medical records, and histopathological database of 2039 patients to assess the prevalence of oral metastasis of carcinoma in terms of sex and age, as well as, the most common origin of primary cancer, and prevalent site and histopathological type of metastatic carcinoma. Results: Among 2039 patients, 21 (1.03%) were finally diagnosed with metastatic carcinoma of the jaws and oral region. Among the 21 patients, only 11 had a working diagnosis as oral metastasis upon clinical evaluation before performing a biopsy. The mean age at the time of diagnosis with a metastatic carcinoma was 56.86, and there was a male preponderance. Metastatic carcinoma was more frequent in the jaws than in the soft tissue, especially in the mandible compared to the maxilla. The most frequent primary site was the lungs, followed by the liver and breasts. The predominant histopathological types were hepatocellular carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Patient outcomes indicated a poor prognosis with the time from the appearance of the metastasis to death was only 12 months. Conclusions: According to these cases, oral metastases of carcinoma were exceedingly rare in Koreans. It can allow the clinicians take into account the possible presence of metastases and lead to early diagnosis.

Analytic survey of 57 cases of oral metastases

“…While a collection of 44 cases from Memorial Sloan Kettering demonstrated a similar sex ratio of male to female patients and proclivities for lung and breast metastases, they discovered only a singular case of liver origin . Additional studies from cohorts of Korean patients did find metastases of liver origin to be among most common, which they note as discordant with the Western literature . Interestingly, the aforementioned studies also reported lesions of thyroid and testis origin, neither of which were seen in our series, further underscoring the diversity of metastases to the oral cavity among different geographic locations and patient populations.…”

Oral and Maxillary Metastases: Retrospective Clinical Analysis of 21 Cases

“…A literature review of recent similar single/double institution case-series as ours is performed, with more than 15 cases and a 10-year period minimum (Table III) 5,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] . Inclusion and exclusion criteria are very heterogeneous.…”

Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma Causing Significant Facial Asymmetry

“…Metastatic lesions to the oral cavity can occur in the jawbones and soft tissues, including salivary glands [2–5]. Oral metastases arise most commonly from the breast, liver, and thyroid for women [2].…”

“…Metastatic lesions to the oral cavity can occur in the jawbones and soft tissues, including salivary glands [2–5]. Oral metastases arise most commonly from the breast, liver, and thyroid for women [2]. In men, the most common origin of oral metastatic tumors is from the lung, kidney, liver, and prostate [2, 4].…”