Metal uptake, antioxidant status and membrane potential in maize roots exposed to cadmium and nickel

Abstract

Root growth of the seedlings of maize cultivars Premia and Blitz exposed to 2 µM cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni) or both metals acting simultaneously (Cd + Ni) for 72 h was significantly reduced but not ceased. The effect was more pronounced in the seedlings of the cv. Blitz. The heavy metals (HMs) contents increased significantly in the roots. Simultaneous application of metals had an antagonistic effect on either Cd or Ni uptake in Premia but not in Blitz. In control roots the contents of ascorbic acid (AsA) and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) were lower and gluthatione (GSH) content was higher in Premia than in Blitz. A decrease of AsA content was induced by all metal treatments in Premia but only by Cd + Ni in Blitz while an increase was induced by single metals in this cultivar. All metal treatments increased DHA contents in both cultivars. GSH content decreased significantly in Premia treated with Cd or Cd + Ni, and in Blitz treated with Ni. Unlike the contents of AsA, DHA and GSH, the increased metal concentrations in root cells did not affect the membrane potential (EM). The changes in antioxidant contents depended on both, maize genotypes and HMs treatments. Nevertheless, the results indicated a role of antioxidative system in minimizing the effects of oxidative stress and protecting cell membranes in both maize cultivars.

Antibody Microarray Expression Profiling Of Maize Roots Treated With Cadmium And Nickel

“…Based on electrophysiological and biochemical methods, our previous results with the same maize cultivars showed that genetic variability in the extent of the protective responses can exist within plant species (Artiushenko et al 2014;Fiala et al 2014;. We have now confirmed these results using more sophisticated approaches such as AbMEP.…”

“…Two Ukrainian maize hybrids, Premia FAO 190 and Blitz FAO 160 (hereinafter referred as Premia and Blitz) differing in environmental stress tolerance, yield and productivity (http:// maize.com.ua/catalog) were used. The seeds were soaked in tap water for 1 h, surface steril ised with 5% NaClO for 10 min, washed under running water for 10 min and germinated in moist filter paper rolls in a growth chamber at 25±1 o C (RH relative humidity 60%) with a 17 h light period (30 μmol/m 2 /s) for 48 h. The seedlings with the primary root lenghts of 2 cm were exposed to the solutions containing 0 (control), 10 or 100 μM concentrations of CdCl 2 , NiCl 2 , CdCl 2 + NiCl 2 with pH adjusted to 5.7, for 0, 12 or 24 h. The selection of metal concentrations and time points was based on our earlier studies (Artiushenko et al 2014;Fiala et al 2014;. After the treatment, the control and treated roots were immediately processed for protein extraction and the protein extracts were stored frozen at -75 o C.…”

“…It is well known that metals in mixtures may act independently or interact to produce additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects (Wilde et al 2006). Our previous studies of Cd and Ni uptake, antioxidant status, membrane potentials and cell survival (Artiushenko et al 2014;Fiala et al 2014; in two maize cultivars, Premia and Blitz have revealed mostly synergistic interaction between these two metals, and also a better metal tolerance in the cultivar Premia.…”

The effect of cadmium-nickel interactions on superoxide production, cell viability and membrane potential (EM) in roots of two maize cultivars

“…We hypothesize that the observed differences in sensitivity to Cd may reflect the changes in the capacity of cellular non-enzymatic scavengers of ROS such as ascorbate, glutathione, tocopherol, etc. [3,26] and the enzymatic antioxidative system composed of SODs, peroxidases, catalases, etc. [33].…”

Diferentes abordagens para o estudo da resposta de solanáceas ao Cd

“…Mesmo em baixas concentrações, o Cd pode causar danos irreparáveis. Em plantas, pode inibir o crescimento e a produção de sementes, interferindo em uma série de processos fisiológicos, como atividades enzimáticas, respiração, fotossíntese, assimilação de nutrientes, sendo por isso considerado um problema agrícola global, levando a consideráveis perdas de produtividade (GALLEGO et al, 2012;ARTIUSHENKO et al, 2014).…”