Metal Selenocyanates and Their Properties

Golub, A. M.; Skopenko, V. V.

doi:10.1070/rc1965v034n12abeh001573

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Selenocyanate may alo be precipitated as poorly crystalline, elemental selenium with acids (10). Tests were carried out, but the selenium precipitation efficiency ranged from 25 to 75% over the pH range 2-4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference in the behavior of the tin species toward seleno- cyanate is unexplained. Insoluble silver and gold selenocyanates have been documented (10).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ion exchange () and precipitation have been investigated as technologies to remove selenium (as selenocyanate) from refinery process and wastewater. Selenocyanate has been precipitated from aqueous solution upon reaction with gold, silver, cadmium, mercury, thallium, lead, and copper ( , ). However, the precipitates have not been well-character ized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal of Selenocyanate in Water by Precipitation: Characterization of Copper−Selenium Precipitate by X-ray Diffraction, Infrared, and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Manceau

Gallup

1997

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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During refining of sour crude oils produced from reservoirs containing seleniferous marine shales, selenium is concentrated into process waters and wastewaters. Selenium, present in the waters as selenocyanate, must be removed to meet regulatory discharge limits. Treatment of wastewaters with copper(II) salts effectively precipitates selenium. An objective of the present study was to determine whether selenium was precipitated as elemental Se or immobilized in the form of cyanate complexes or any other form that remains to be identified. The precipitate had a Se/(Se+S) mole ratio of 0.09. The incorporation of selenium in the copper thiocyanate lattice was proven by X-ray diffraction. The presence of native selenium was disallowed by Se K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. Selenium was shown by EXAFS to be present as selenide and surrounded by one nearest C atom and three next-nearest Cu atoms. This local environment is typical of the copper thiocyanate structure, which proves that Se substitutes for S on the atomic scale. Based on results of chemical analyses and structural methods, it is concluded that the sludge consists primarily of an α-Cu(S0.91Se0.09)CN solid solution. Some copper is not reduced and is liganded to O, OH, or H2O. These results indicate that, when added to process water, cupric ions are reduced by sodium thiosulfate and sulfites initially present in the solution to yield primarily cuprous thiocyanate/selenocyanate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference in the behavior of the tin species toward seleno- cyanate is unexplained. Insoluble silver and gold selenocyanates have been documented (10).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal of Selenocyanate in Water by Precipitation: Characterization of Copper−Selenium Precipitate by X-ray Diffraction, Infrared, and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Manceau

Gallup

1997

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…CuSeCN is a metal pseudohalide that is structurally similar to CuSCN, but the literature on this selenium‐based pseudohalide is extremely limited. A handful of reports detail the synthesis, solubility, and chemical structure of CuSeCN. To this end, Kilmartin and Wright have examined the formation of CuSeCN on a copper anode, while Manceau and Gallup have investigated a copper–selenium precipitate that forms during the removal of selenocyanate from water .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper (I) Selenocyanate (CuSeCN) as a Novel Hole‐Transport Layer for Transistors, Organic Solar Cells, and Light‐Emitting Diodes

Wijeyasinghe

Tsetseris

Regoutz

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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The synthesis and characterization of copper (I) selenocyanate (CuSeCN) and its application as a solution-processable hole-transport layer (HTL) material in transistors, organic light-emitting diodes, and solar cells are reported. Density-functional theory calculations combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used to elucidate the electronic band structure, density of states, and microstructure of CuSeCN. Solution-processed layers are found to be nanocrystalline and optically transparent (>94%), due to the large bandgap of ≥3.1 eV, with a valence band maximum located at −5.1 eV. Hole-transport analysis performed using field-effect measurements confirms the p-type character of CuSeCN yielding a hole mobility of 0.002 cm 2 V −1 s −1 . When CuSeCN is incorporated as the HTL material in organic light-emitting diodes and organic solar cells, the resulting devices exhibit comparable or improved performance to control devices based on commercially available poly(3,4-ethy lenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate as the HTL. This is the first report on the semiconducting character of CuSeCN and it highlights the tremendous potential for further developments in the area of metal pseudohalides.

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“…Much study has been done on the removal of SeCN -from water by precipitating it using Cu, Ag, Au, Cd, Hg, Tl and Pb (Golub and Skopenko, 1965;Soderback, 1974). Removal of selenate by Fe(0) reduction to elemental selenium form has also been reported (Frankenberger, Jr. et al, 2005;Zhang and Frankenberger, 2006).…”

Section: List Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary electrophoretic determination of selenocyanate and selenium and tellurium oxyanions in bacterial cultures

Pathem

Pradenas

Castro

et al. 2007

Analytical Biochemistry

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Experiments were also designed to detect the biological production of selenocyanate in Se-amended bacterial cultures using IC-ICP-MS. A selenium-resistant bacterium, 130404, when amended with 1.0 mM selenate biologically produced selenocyanate in replicate cultures grown to stationary phase. The amounts produced were statistically significantly different than the amounts of SeCN -produced in sterile but warmed growth media. The headspace gases above growing cultures with or without metalloid amendments were analyzed using gas chromatography. Organo-selenium iii compounds that were detected were methaneselenol, dimethyl selenide, dimethyl selenenyl sulfide, dimethyl diselenenyl sulfide, dimethyl diselenide. Two late eluting peaks were observed in the same cultures that were not characterized but can reasonably be inferred to be dimethyl diselenenyl sulfide and dimethyl triselenide.

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Metal Selenocyanates and Their Properties

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Removal of Selenocyanate in Water by Precipitation: Characterization of Copper−Selenium Precipitate by X-ray Diffraction, Infrared, and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Removal of Selenocyanate in Water by Precipitation: Characterization of Copper−Selenium Precipitate by X-ray Diffraction, Infrared, and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Copper (I) Selenocyanate (CuSeCN) as a Novel Hole‐Transport Layer for Transistors, Organic Solar Cells, and Light‐Emitting Diodes

Capillary electrophoretic determination of selenocyanate and selenium and tellurium oxyanions in bacterial cultures

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