Metal oxide semiconducting interfacial layers for photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications

Elumalai, Naveen Kumar; Chellappan, Vijila; Jose, Rajan; Uddin, Ashraf; Ramakrishna, Seeram

doi:10.1007/s40243-015-0054-9

Cited by 95 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 186 publications

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“…[3][4][5] Their high work function, large band gap, efficient carrier selectivity, and high transparency make them viable and cost-effective candidates for these applications, where they are employed as protective buffer layers, 6-10 optical spacers [11][12][13] or charge transport layers. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] TMOs are susceptible materials, which are sensitive to their environment, such as air or oxygen exposure, 22 temperature, [23][24][25][26] UV-light, 27 UV-ozone 28 or plasma treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[29][30][31][32][33] This is because many TMOs readily undergo redox reactions. Evaporated metal oxides are especially sensitive, as they are often sub-stoichiometric when as-deposited, due to an oxygen deficiency 3,5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Some of the defect states also act as localized color centers, resulting in absorption in the visible/near-infrared spectrum, spread at different wavelengths around 800 nm depending on their oxidation states. This sensitivity and the associated coloration are desirable for some applications such as gas and chemical sensing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parasitic Absorption Reduction in Metal Oxide-Based Transparent Electrodes: Application in Perovskite Solar Cells

Werner

Geissbühler

Dabirian

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are commonly used in a wide spectrum of device applications, thanks to their interesting electronic, photochromic, and electrochromic properties. Their environmental sensitivity, exploited for gas and chemical sensors, is however undesirable for application in optoelectronic devices, where TMOs are used as charge injection or extraction layers. In this work, we first study the coloration of molybdenum and tungsten oxide layers, induced by thermal annealing, Ar plasma exposure, or transparent conducting oxide overlayer deposition, typically used in solar cell fabrication. We then propose a discoloration method based on an oxidizing CO2 plasma treatment, which allows for a complete bleaching of colored TMO films and prevents any subsequent recoloration during following cell processing steps. Then, we show that tungsten oxide is intrinsically more resilient to damage induced by Ar plasma exposure as compared to the commonly used molybdenum oxide. Finally, we show that parasitic absorption in TMO-based transparent electrodes, as used for semitransparent perovskite solar cells, silicon heterojunction solar cells, or perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells, can be drastically reduced by replacing molybdenum oxide with tungsten oxide and by applying a CO2 plasma pretreatment prior to the transparent conductive oxide overlayer deposition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parasitic Absorption Reduction in Metal Oxide-Based Transparent Electrodes: Application in Perovskite Solar Cells

Werner

Geissbühler

Dabirian

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…This material system, particularly in the form of thin and ultra-thin films, finds applications in a variety of technologically relevant fields, including catalysis, 1 gas sensors, 2,3 optically switchable coatings, 4,5 high-energy density solid-state microbatteries, 6,7 smart windows technology, 8,9 flexible supercapacitors, 10 thin film transistors (TFTs) 11 and organic electronics. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Owing to its high work function -up to 6.9 eV [12] and to the layered structure of α-MoO 3 , MoO x is also employed as a 2D material beyond graphene and as efficient hole contact on 2D transition metal dichalcogenides for p-type field effect transistors (p-FETs). [23][24][25] In view of a reliable device performance, the control over the chemical and physical properties of the MoO x system is mandatory.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and charge state engineering of MoOx

et al. 2017

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The effects of wet chemical processing employed in device fabrication standards are studied on molybdenum oxide (MoOx) ultra-thin films. We have combined x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), angle resolved XPS and x-ray reflectivity to gain insight into the changes in composition, structure and electronic states upon treatment of films with different initial stoichiometry prepared by reactive sputtering. Our results show significant reduction effects associated with the development of gap states in MoOx, as well as changes in the composition and structure of the films, systematically correlated with the initial oxidation state of Mo.

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“…[4][5][6][7] In this article, we described the synthesis of the water-dispersible and positively surface charged ZnS:Mn NCs by using glycolic acid (GA) as a polar surface capping agent at low pH condition. 1-3 These materials have been widely used in various electronic sophisticated devices since they exhibit optimal physical and chemical properties for these applications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Manganese (II) Ion Doped Zinc Sulfide Nanocrystals for Dual Detection of Cyanide and Nitrite Ions in Aqueous Solution

Sim

Hwang

2017

Bulletin Korean Chem Soc

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Transition metal ion doped zinc sulfide nanocrystals (NCs) are one of the hottest subjects in the semiconductor nanomaterials research area. 1-3 These materials have been widely used in various electronic sophisticated devices since they exhibit optimal physical and chemical properties for these applications. [4][5][6][7] In this article, we described the synthesis of the water-dispersible and positively surface charged ZnS:Mn NCs by using glycolic acid (GA) as a polar surface capping agent at low pH condition. In addition, the prepared NCs were evaluated as a photo-sensor for the detection of specific anion species in water. Particularly, the selected GA molecule has two different polar functional groups: hydroxyl (−OH) and carboxyl (−COOH) groups, which can simultaneously coordinate to the ZnS: Mn-GA NCs and the detecting ions. The synthetic condition was adjusted to low pH to impart positive charges to the surface of the NCs by protonation of the functional end groups. Additionally, to investigate the surfaces properties of the ZnS:Mn-GA NCs, the surface charge and the degree of aggregation in aqueous solution were measured, which are critical factors of the NCs for practical applications for sensors or catalysts. The detailed characterization works for the NC products were described in Appendix S1, Supporting Information. The main purpose of this study is to estimate the potential of the ZnS:Mn-GA NCs as a specific anion photo-sensor in water.The positively charged ZnS:Mn-GA NCs were tested as photo-chemical sensors for various anions with various oxidation states by further addition of:sulfate (SO 4 2− ), sulfide (S 2− ), and citrate (C 6 H 5 O 7 3− ) ions to the NCs at ambient temperature. The fluorescence images presented in Figure 1(a) were obtained from the ZnS:Mn-GA NCs upon addition of various anions, which were taken using He-Cd laser (λ max = 325 nm) as a light source, and Figure 1(b) presents histograms showing the actual changes in photoluminescence intensity upon the addition of the corresponding anions compared with the original ZnS:Mn-GA NCs (blank) solution. Figure 1 (b) shows that the intensities of the emission peaks for the ZnS:Mn-GA NCs were not much changed by the addition of most anions, while NO 2 − ions caused significant emission quenching (95%) compared to the blank sample (NCs only). Moreover, the Figure 1(a) obviously shows that the color of the emission light from the ZnS:Mn-GA NCs was completely changed (from yellow-orange to purple-blue) after addition of CN − ions. Based on these unique and interesting results, we preliminarily concluded that the ZnS:Mn-GA NCs can be used as effective anion photo-sensors for the simultaneous detection of NO 2 − and CN − ions in water. Both of the Figure 1(a) and (b) were obtained by adjusting the molar concentrations of the added anions at 50.0 μM over 10.0 mg/L of the ZnS:Mn-GA NCs. In addition, the measured limit of detection (LOD) for the added molar concentration of nitrite ion [NO 2 − ] was 1.0 μM over 10.0 mg/L of the ZnS:Mn-GA NCs in this...

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Metal oxide semiconducting interfacial layers for photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications

Cited by 95 publications

References 186 publications

Parasitic Absorption Reduction in Metal Oxide-Based Transparent Electrodes: Application in Perovskite Solar Cells

Parasitic Absorption Reduction in Metal Oxide-Based Transparent Electrodes: Application in Perovskite Solar Cells

Processing and charge state engineering of MoOx

Application of the Manganese (II) Ion Doped Zinc Sulfide Nanocrystals for Dual Detection of Cyanide and Nitrite Ions in Aqueous Solution

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