Metal–organic framework (MOF) materials as polymerization catalysts: a review and recent advances

Abstract

Metal–organic frameworks are versatile materials that provide new opportunities as catalysts in polymerization reactions, including modularity and well-defined structures.

Zinc(ii) and cadmium(ii) amorphous metal–organic frameworks (aMOFs): study of activation process and high-pressure adsorption of greenhouse gases

“…1 H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl 3 ) d (ppm): 7.21 (m, 20H) ppm. 13 (3). Tetrakis(p-nitrophenyl)methane was prepared by nitration reaction of 2 using fuming acid.…”

Applications of porous frameworks in solid‐phase microextraction

“…In addition, MOFs possess structural flexibility, mechanical resistance, high adsorption efficiency, and thermal stability. With such impressive features, the utilization of MOFs is applicable in the field of catalyst [123], energy storage (batteries and supercapacitors) [124], sensing [125], removal [126], and separation [127]. MOFs are available in different structures, like nanocrystals, nanospheres, nanosheets, needles, monoliths, thin films, membranes, and coating.…”

Influence of Pore Structure and Metal‐Node Geometry on the Polymerization of Ethylene over Cr‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks

“…[27][28][29] Until now,t hey have been used as such in numerous reactions, for example, others alkene oligomerization reactions [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] as well as polymerization reactions. [30,37,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Dincǎ,R oman-Leshkova nd co-workers investigatedt he ethylene polymerizationp roperties of MFU-41 (MFU = metal-organic framework Ulm-University) MOFs. [41,45] The gas-phase eth-ylene polymerization properties of Cr 3 + ion-exchanged MFU-4l MOF material were investigated, revealing ap olymerization MOF that produced PE with ad ispersity index ()o fa bout 1.4, the being defined as the M w /M n ,w ith the M w representing the weight averagedm olecular weighto ft he polymer and the M n representingt he number averaged molecular weight of the polymer.T his indicates that active sites are similar in nature, and is an excellent example of aC r-based MOF acting as ah eterogenized single-site ethylene polymerization catalyst.…”

“…The ability to change the pore structure, metal‐node and electronic structure with relative ease, make MOFs increasingly prominent candidates for heterogenized single‐site catalysis [27–29] . Until now, they have been used as such in numerous reactions, for example, others alkene oligomerization reactions [30–39] as well as polymerization reactions [30, 37, 40–48] …”