Metabolic and histopathological effects of sleeve gastrectomy and gastric plication: an experimental rodent model

Abstract

IntroductionObesity has recently become a major health problem, and researchers have been directed to work toward the development of surgical techniques, with new mediators playing an important role in nutrition. Gastric plication (GP) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) have become popular recently. These are widely used techniques in bariatric surgery.ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to compare the efficiency of SG and GP techniques on rats.MethodsWistar-Hannover rats (n=18) were divided into three equal groups, namely SG, GP, and control. Blood samples were taken before the operation and on the 30th day after the operation. The weights of all rats were recorded both on first day and the 30th day after the operation. Serum gastrin, ghrelin, and leptin levels were also measured on the same days. For histopathological examination, gastrectomy was performed after the animals were sacrificed.ResultsAverage weight loss was 10% for the SG group and 6.5% for the GP group. One month after the operations, the decrease in the ghrelin and leptin levels of GP and SG groups was significant compared with the levels of the control group. Gastrin levels of the SG group increased significantly compared with those of the control group. Histopathological examination revealed that there was significant decrease in the ghrelin and leptin levels of the GP and SG groups compared with those of the control group. Foveolar hyperplasia (FH), cystic glandular dilatation, and fibrosis were significantly higher in the GP and SG groups compared with the control group.ConclusionAlthough GP is not as effective as SG in terms of weight loss, it provides the same effectiveness in decreasing ghrelin and leptin levels. Histopathological findings revealed that FH, fibrosis, and the cystic glandular dilatation development rates were similar.

Comparison of the effect by which gastric plication and sleeve gastrectomy procedures alter metabolic and physical parameters in an obese type 2 diabetes rodent model

“…Gastrin is secreted by antral G cells of the stomach, and previous studies also demonstrated that ghrelin was significantly reduced after GP and SG surgeries. Therefore, our results are consistent with previous studies [28].…”

“…2A). However, according to other studies, GP may not be as effective as SG in terms of total weight loss [28].…”

Comment on: comparison of the effect by which gastric plication and sleeve gastrectomy procedures alter metabolic and physical parameters in an obese type 2 diabetes mellitus rodent modelretain-->

“…Certainly, VSG and GP have been investigated in other animal studies and in human studies. Two recent studies contradict the equivalency identified by Ye et al [5,6]. In both studies, VSG was superior to GP in weight loss.…”

“…In both studies, VSG was superior to GP in weight loss. In rats, Gulcicek et al [5] found equivalent changes in ghrelin and leptin after both procedures. In humans, metabolic parameters were equivalently improved after both operations, but VSG resulted in more significant early reduction in ghrelin [6].…”

Is the colon mucosa affected by ten days of gastric restriction in an animal model?

“…The only proven long-term treatment for severe obesity on a population level is the surgical modification of the gastrointestinal anatomy to induce weight loss, termed bariatric surgery 4 . Bariatric surgery, also called weight loss surgery or metabolic surgery, was introduced 50 years ago to provide drastic weight loss in morbidly obese patients 5,6 , and its use is currently increasing to treat patients with high adiposity, or occasionally for metabolic benefits 7 . The most successful types of bariatric surgery involve limiting the absorption of nutrients (malabsorption), reducing the size of the stomach to decrease the total nutrient intake (restriction), and reducing hunger and satiety by altering gut hormones (metabolic) 3 .…”