Mesua Ferrea Linn. (Nagkesar): A Potent Antimicrobial Plant Species

Abstract

Many plants have not been investigated thoroughly, which are used traditionally as a medicine to cure various diseases. Herbal plants play a vital role in the development of new drugs which can be used for various therapeutic indications. Mesua ferrea linn., commonly known as 'Nagchampa' or 'Nagkesar', is one such herbal plant having many potential therapeutic activities. It is used in diseases like rheumatism, asthma, inflammation, fever, dyspepsia, renal diseases, dysentery, bleeding piles, a bacterial and fungal infection. This plant possesses many bioactive chemical constituents like coumarins, xanthones, pyranoxanthones, flavonoids, terpenoids and steroids which can be easily isolated. It can act as precursors on many ailments. These bioactive constituents have many pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritis, analgesic, diuretic, anti-hemorrhoid, antiulcer and many more. Almost every part of the plant is reported to have beneficial medicinal properties. But further studies are still needed to explore the pharmacological activities of Mesua ferrea linn. plant so as to gain benefit for the treatment of various diseases. This review highlights the general description, phytochemical profiling, traditional uses and proven pharmacological attributes of Mesua ferrea linn. plant.

Pharmacologic Agents Used to Reverse the Anticoagulant Effect of Common Anticoagulants

“…The use of dabigatran is not recommended for patients with severe renal dysfunction. Dabigatran has been removed via hemodialysis 25 …”

“…In patients with normal renal and hepatic function, routine monitoring of dabigatran is not necessary because its effect is consistent in such patients. In patients with reduced renal function or in patients who may have a risk of bleeding, monitoring dabigatran can be problematic 25,26 …”

“…There are few cytochrome P450 interactions with dabigatran; however, dabigatran acts as a substrate of the efflux permeability glycoprotein (P-gp) transporter, which pumps dabigatran into the intestinal lumen and the proximal tubules of the kidney. Inhibitors of this system can result in elevated dabigatran serum concentrations, which may pose an increased bleeding risk 25,26 . The major adverse effect of dabigatran is bleeding.…”

“…The major adverse effect of dabigatran is bleeding. Patients must be instructed in how to monitor potential bleeding as well as how to avoid situations that may increase bleeding risk 25 …”

“…Dabigatran has been removed via hemodialysis. 25 As a DTI, dabigatran binds to both fibrin-bound thrombin and unbound thrombin. This effect blocks the conversion of fibrinogen (FI) to fibrin (FIa) to reduce thrombus formation.…”