Meso-Substituted Porphyrins for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Urbani, Maxence; Grätzel, Michaël; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja; Torres, Tomás

doi:10.1021/cr5001964

Cited by 867 publications

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“…These intrinsic properties have made them two of the most popular families of organic dyes, particularly in the frame of photovoltaics. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] However, their use for the modulation of the optoelectronic properties of TMDC-based devices has not been yet described. Considering this, we decided to investigate the effects of the noncovalent functionalization of MoS2 photodetectors with the soluble PDI and tetraphenyl porphyrin (TPP) depicted in Chart 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering the optoelectronic properties of MoS₂ photodetectors through reversible noncovalent functionalization

et al. 2016

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We present an easy drop-casting based functionalization of MoS2-based photodetectors that results in an enhancement of the photoresponse of about four orders of magnitude, reaching responsivities up to 100 A·W -1 . The functionalization is technologically trivial, air-stable, fully reversible and reproducible, and opens the door to the combination of 2D-materials with molecular dyes for the development of high performance photodetectors.Among the novel two-dimensional (2D) materials, 1-8 transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) [9][10][11][12] show particularly promising electronic and optoelectronic properties. 13 In particular, their intrinsic bandgap within the visible part of the spectrum, makes them highly interesting materials for optoelectronic applications.14 In fact, the presence of a bandgap has allowed for the construction of a wealth of prototype electronic devices based on TMDCs. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] In the last years, there has been a significant effort to modulate the optical properties of TMDCs in order to optimize the performance of the corresponding devices. Most of the strategies investigated so far rely on physical methods, such as strain-engineering, 25,26 fieldeffect doping, 12,27 or artificial stacking of different 2D materials. 28,29 In comparison, the chemical modification of TMDCs is still rather underexplored, despite the appealing combination of low-cost and high degree of control offered by synthetic chemistry. Examples of doping of TMDCs through surface charge-transfer using metal atoms, 30 gases, 31 and a few organic molecules has already been demonstrated. 32,33 Responsivities of just a few A·W -1 have been reported for MoS2 photodetectors functionalized with a rhodamine dye, 34 a rather modest value for MoS2-based photodetectors. Among the readily available organic dyes, perylenediimides (PDIs) and porphyrins show remarkable optical properties, including large molar absorptivity -ca. 10 5 M −1 cm −1 for PDIs and 10 6 M −1 cm −1 for porphyrins-, and outstanding photostability under ambient conditions. These intrinsic properties have made them two of the most popular families of organic dyes, particularly in the frame of photovoltaics. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] However, their use for the modulation of the optoelectronic properties of TMDC-based devices has not been yet described. Considering this, we decided to investigate the effects of the noncovalent functionalization of MoS2 This is the post-peer reviewed version of the following article: A.J. Molina-Mendoza et al. "Engineering the optoelectronic properties of MoS2 photodetectors through reversible noncovalent functionalization" Chem. Comm., 2016 DOI: 10.1039/C6CC07678E Which has been published in final form at: http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2016/cc/c6cc07678e#!divAbstract photodetectors with the soluble PDI and tetraphenyl porphyrin (TPP) depicted in Chart 1. Here, we describe that the supramolecular functionalization of mechanically exfoliated MoS2-based photodetector...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering the optoelectronic properties of MoS₂ photodetectors through reversible noncovalent functionalization

et al. 2016

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] This field is mainly driven by their ease of modification to enhance light-harvesting and photoluminescence (PL) properties based on an efficient energy and/or electron transfer process from moieties attached at the periphery to the porphyrin core.This feature of dyad-like porphyrins is of utmost relevance for lighting schemes, since it could open a new avenue to decouple charge transport and emission processes by only using one active compound. This is more critical in light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) than in OLEDs, in which the charge transport is not performed by the emitter, but by a multilayered device architecture.…”

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Benefits of using BODIPY–porphyrin dyads for developing deep-red lighting sources

et al. 2016

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Neutral free-base and metallo-porphyrins have been successfully used in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and solar cells. [1][2][3][4][5] This field is mainly driven by their ease of modification to enhance light-harvesting and photoluminescence (PL) properties based on an efficient energy and/or electron transfer process from moieties attached at the periphery to the porphyrin core.This feature of dyad-like porphyrins is of utmost relevance for lighting schemes, since it could open a new avenue to decouple charge transport and emission processes by only using one active compound. This is more critical in light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) than in OLEDs, in which the charge transport is not performed by the emitter, but by a multilayered device architecture. 6,7 In LECs, the presence of mobile ions in the active singlelayer assists the charge injection process, while the charge transport, electron-hole recombination, and emission processes occur via the emitter. 8-10 Thus, to define clear guidelines to design LEC materials that are intrinsically able to decouple charge transport and emission is a challenge in the field. 8-10As an alternative, the host-guest approach by (i) using OLED-host materials doped with ionic liquids, 11 (ii) mixtures of iTMCs, 12-14 and (iii) using ionic-based small-molecule charge transporters, 15 has been explored in LECs to date. All these approaches show the typical problem of the host-guest strategy, that is, to determine the optimum doping level and effective doping range, which are typically very low and narrow, respectively. Here, a low doping level causes an inefficient energy transfer (ET) from the host to the guest, resulting in a poor color purity and device performance, while a high concentration of the guest leads to the a strong self-quenching of its emission and a prominent phase separation in thin films. The latter are paramount in determining the overall device performance. Herein, we report on a new concept to decouple charge transport and emission in small-molecule LECs by using only one active compound mixed with an ionic electrolyte. To this end, we took advantage of our mature experience in the synthesis of BODIPYporphyrin dyads and their implementation in solar cells [16][17][18][19] to further expand their application to lighting schemes, in which the above-mentioned drawbacks of the host-guest approach are circumvented. In detail, two BODIPY-porphyrin dyads have been designed -Scheme 1. On one hand, these dyads fulfill all of the key requirements, such as (i) the energy alignment of the electronic levels between the BODIPY and the porphyrin evokes in a chargeScheme 1 Synthesis of BODIPY-porphyrin dyads 1 and 2.

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“…Notably, porphyrinoids have led to the most efficient n-type DSSCs up to date. [13,14] Key merits of porphyrins, and specially of their synthetic related phthalocyanines , (Pcs), [15,16] are their exceptional light-harvesting features and their facile functionalization with either electrondonors or electron-acceptors, underlining their potential for DSSCs. In light of the latter, tuning the physicochemical features of phthalocyanines towards new electron-accepting dyes [17,18] by means of placing electron-withdrawing substituents at their periphery, complements, in the current work, our research regarding nanorod-like CuO electrodes.…”

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Combining Electron‐Accepting Phthalocyanines and Nanorod‐like CuO Electrodes for p‐Type Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

et al. 2015

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Esta es la versión de autor del artículo publicado en: This is an author produced version of a paper published in: El acceso a la versión del editor puede requerir la suscripción del recurso Access to the published version may require subscription COMMUNICATION Combining novel electron-accepting phthalocyanines and nanorod-like CuO electrodes for p-type dye-sensitized solar cellsOliver Langmar, [a] Carolina R. Ganivet, [b] Annkatrin Lennert, [a] Rubén D. Costa, [a] Gema de la Torre, [b] Tomás Torres, [b] and Dirk M. Guldi [a] Abstract: In the current work, a novel route for the synthesis of two electron-accepting phthalocyanines featuring linkers with different length as sensitizers for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells are reported. Importantly, our devices -based on novel nanorod-like CuO photocathodes -feature efficiencies of 0.191%, which are to date the highest values ever reported for CuO-based DSSCs.

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Meso-Substituted Porphyrins for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Cited by 867 publications

References 368 publications

Engineering the optoelectronic properties of MoS₂ photodetectors through reversible noncovalent functionalization

Engineering the optoelectronic properties of MoS₂ photodetectors through reversible noncovalent functionalization

Benefits of using BODIPY–porphyrin dyads for developing deep-red lighting sources

Combining Electron‐Accepting Phthalocyanines and Nanorod‐like CuO Electrodes for p‐Type Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

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