Combining Electron‐Accepting Phthalocyanines and Nanorod‐like CuO Electrodes for p‐Type Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Langmar, Oliver; Ganivet, Carolina R.; Lennert, Annkatrin; Costa, Rubén D.; Torre, Gema de la; Torres, Tomás; Guldi, Dirk M.

doi:10.1002/anie.201501550

Cited by 58 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…To this end, these optimized devices based on the iodide/triiodide redox couple feature efficiencies of up to 0.11%, which is 10-fold higher than the state-of-the-art CuO devices and comparable to the efficiencies recently obtained by our group. 3,8 Future work will focus on the stability and EIS characterization of cobalt-based electrolytes, in order to underline the reasons of their superior performance compared to the iodide/triiodide redox couple. In addition, the effect of trap states on the τ light and τ dark has been studied for the first time in p-type DSSCs by EIS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, p-type CuO DSSCs were sensitized with ZnPc2 and filled with the iodide-based electrolyte as previously reported. 8 With a V oc of 102 mV and a J sc of 2.78 mA cm −2 a reasonable efficiency of 0.1% was obtained -the current density vs. applied potential ( J-V) curve and Incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) spectra are shown in Fig. S3.…”

Section: Comparison Of Bare Nio Vs Cuo Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It is a useful parameter in the context of comparing devices with different charge injection and recombination rates. 8 It is not only enough to probe the different resistances at V oc conditions, but to make a complete scan over the entire applied voltage going from V oc to J sc conditions - Fig. 1.…”

Section: Description Of the Eis Model For P-type Dsscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bottom left -R CT vs. applied voltage (light). Bottom right -R rec vs. applied voltage (dark) with the measured resistances ( points) and the corresponding fits (lines) according to eqn (8). The color code relates to devices with electrolyte ratios of 2.5 : 1 (black), 5 : 1 (red), 7.5 : 1 (green), and 10 : 1 (blue).…”

Section: Optimization Of P-type Cuo Dsscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 We have recently probed the suitability of CuO-DSSCs, achieving efficiencies of 0.10% and 0.19%, based on an iodide-or cobalt-electrolyte, respectively. 8 In this work, a study about the detailed optimization of CuO-DSSCs is presented by combining device analysis with a comprehensive electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) study. We evaluate the impact of the CuO electrode fabrication -calcination temperature and electrode thickness -and the I − /I 2 electrolyte ratio on the device performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimizing CuO p-type dye-sensitized solar cells by using a comprehensive electrochemical impedance spectroscopic study

et al. 2016

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aWe introduce a novel and comprehensive approach for the evaluation and interpretation of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements in p-type DSSCs. In detail, we correlate both the device performance and EIS figures-of-merit of a series of devices in which, the calcination temperature, film thickness, and electrolyte concentration have been systematically modified. This new approach enables the separation of the different processes across the dye/semiconductor/electrolyte interface, namely the unfavorable charge recombination and the favorable electron injection/regeneration processes. In addition, studies on non-sensitized CuO and NiO electrodes provide insights into their affinity towards a reaction with the electrolyte -CuO is far less reactive towards the polyiodide species. Overall, this work underlines the superior features of CuO with respect to NiO for p-DSSCs and demonstrates a comprehensive optimization of the CuO-based DSSCs with respect to the device architecture by the aid of EIS analysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Bare Nio Vs Cuo Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Description Of the Eis Model For P-type Dsscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optimization Of P-type Cuo Dsscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimizing CuO p-type dye-sensitized solar cells by using a comprehensive electrochemical impedance spectroscopic study

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Binary Indium–Zinc Oxide Photoanodes for Efficient Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Kunzmann

Stanzel

Costa

et al. 2015

Advanced Energy Materials

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typically made from TiO 2 , [ 3,6 ] ZnO photoanodes have emerged, in recent years, as a viable alternative. [ 7,8 ] First, ZnO fi lms feature higher electron mobilities (155 cm 2 V −1 s −1 at 300 K) and a wider band gap (3.4 eV) relative to TiO 2 fi lms. [ 7 ] Second, the ease of preparation of ZnO nanostructures compared to TiO 2 is a further asset. [ 7 ] Third, the electron injection and recombination dynamics under comparable operation conditions are similar for both types of electrodes.The most signifi cant drawbacks of ZnObased DSSCs are, however, their low stability under working conditions in acidic environments and their prominent electron loss processes. For example, injected conduction band (CB) electrons tend to recombine with either the oxidized dye or the electrolyte in close proximity to the electrode surface. In addition, low injection yields lead to relaxation processes, in which the excited dye relaxes to the ground state. The earlier and the latter, which impact the electron lifetime and the effective electron diffusion length throughout the electrode, result in poor charge collection effi ciencies. [ 9 ] Hence, research toward more effi cient and stable ZnO-based electrodes is at the forefront of investigations. [ 6 ] To tackle these aspects, different groups have demonstrated the potential of n-or p-type doping of ZnO electrodes in the context of reducing charge recombination rates-arsenic, aluminum, carbon nanotubes, gallium, graphene, lithium, potassium, tin, etc., as well as nitrogen and phosphorous are the most commonly employed doping reagents. [ 8,[10][11][12] To this end, most of the efforts have focused on zinc stannate (SZO), [ 13,14 ] reaching maximum effi ciencies of as high as 6%. [ 14 ] SZO-based devices feature high stability, good fi ll factors (FF), and high open circuit voltages ( V oc ). [ 14 ] The limiting factor is, however, the moderate short-circuit current density ( J sc ) of around 15 mA cm −2 . To achieve high effi ciencies in binary metal oxide electrodes in DSSCs, the latter calls for improvement by means of optimizing the overall charge collection effi ciency. To this end, the current work documents the optimization of indium-zinc oxide (IZO) as photoanode materials that could compete with the state-of-the-art SZO devices. Our choice of IZO is based on the fact that their fi lms feature higher electron conducting properties than SZO, [ 15 ] from which longer electron lifetimes and higher charge collection effi ciencies are expected to amplify J sc .The benefi ts of incorporating binary metal-oxide electrodes en route toward effi cient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have recently emerged. The current work aims at realizing effi cient indium-doped zinc oxide based DSSCs by means of enhancing charge transport processes and reducing recombination rates. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic assays corroborate that low amounts of indium reduce charge transport resistances and increase electron recombination resistances. The latter are in concert with a remark...

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Molecularly Engineered Phthalocyanines as Hole‐Transporting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells Reaching Power Conversion Efficiency of 17.5%

Cho

Trukhina

Roldán‐Carmona

et al. 2016

Advanced Energy Materials

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intense panchromatic absorption [4] and high charge carrier mobilities. [5] In addition, their band gap can be easily tuned by simple variation of their ionic composition. [6] For example, a mixed-ion perovskite obtained as a mixture of formamidinium (FA) lead iodide and methy lammonium (MA) lead bromide, [FAPbI 3 ] 0.85 [MAPbBr 3 ] 0.15 , delivered the best to date energy conversion efficiencies of over 21% and revealed promising stability and reproducibility. [7-9] All the above mentioned, together with the ambipolar charge transport characteristics of perovskites, [10] are exceptional properties behind the high efficiency reported in literature. However, highly efficient PSCs are mostly achieved when sandwiching the perovskite film between an electron-transport layer (ETM, n-type) and a hole-transport layer (HTM, p-type), to enhance the selective blocking and extraction of charges into the external circuit. In this connection, using mesoporous or planar metal oxide ETM, such as TiO 2 , delivered the best results. [11] In terms of HTM, small molecules and polymers have shown impressive performances, being so far 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N-dip -methoxyphenylamin e)-9,9′-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) [12] and poly(triaryl-amine) (PTAA) [13]

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Combining Electron‐Accepting Phthalocyanines and Nanorod‐like CuO Electrodes for p‐Type Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Cited by 58 publications

References 32 publications

Optimizing CuO p-type dye-sensitized solar cells by using a comprehensive electrochemical impedance spectroscopic study

Optimizing CuO p-type dye-sensitized solar cells by using a comprehensive electrochemical impedance spectroscopic study

Binary Indium–Zinc Oxide Photoanodes for Efficient Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Molecularly Engineered Phthalocyanines as Hole‐Transporting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells Reaching Power Conversion Efficiency of 17.5%

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