Mental accounting matters

Abstract

Mental accounting is the set of cognitive operations used by individuals and households to organize, evaluate, and keep track of financial activities. Making use of research on this topic over the past decade, this paper summarizes the current state of our knowledge about how people engage in mental accounting activities. Three components of mental accounting receive the most attention. This first captures how outcomes are perceived and experienced, and how decisions are made and subsequently evaluated. The accounting system provides the inputs to be both ex ante and ex post cost–benefit analyses. A second component of mental accounting involves the assignment of activities to specific accounts. Both the sources and uses of funds are labeled in real as well as in mental accounting systems. Expenditures are grouped into categories (housing, food, etc.) and spending is sometimes constrained by implicit or explicit budgets. The third component of mental accounting concerns the frequency with which accounts are evaluated and ‘choice bracketing’. Accounts can be balanced daily, weekly, yearly, and so on, and can be defined narrowly or broadly. Each of the components of mental accounting violates the economic principle of fungibility. As a result, mental accounting influences choice, that is, it matters. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The demand for health insurance and behavioural economics

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Daniel Kahneman i la psicologia econòmica

“…Objectiu ben resolt, més enllà de la seua modesta intenció, tal com s'exposa en el discurs de Kahneman en la cerimònia de lliurament del Premi Nobel d'Economia. Ho havia anunciat Richard H. Thaler (1980Thaler ( , 1985Thaler ( , 1991Thaler ( , 1992Thaler ( , 1999, un teòric de l'Economiaconegut pel seu interès interdisciplinari en la confluència entre ambdues disciplines. En bona mesura, aquest interès interdisciplinari va tenir com a resultat programes de recerca realitzats per economistes conductuals.…”

Investment decisions, net present value and bounded rationality

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