Memory Deficits in Parkinson’s Disease

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate deficits in recognition, recall, and prospective memory among Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, and to ascertain whether task difficulty and disease severity moderate these deficits. Comparisons were made between 41 nondemented PD participants, divided into early-stage and advanced-stage groups, and 41 matched controls. PD participants exhibited deficits in recognition, recall, and prospective memory. The advanced-stage PD group produced greater deficits than the early-stage PD group in all tasks, suggesting that these deficits increase in step with overall disease severity. The results of the task difficulty manipulation provide a partial explanation for the inconsistencies in the literature concerning the existence of recognition memory deficits in PD.

Mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease

“…As has previously been pointed out, 20,21 part of the memory impairment in PD may be secondary to impaired attention and executive dysfunction, although recent studies suggest that memory encoding may also be impaired in PD. 22,23 Our analyses also confirmed memory was still impaired in PD even after adjusting for the effect of impaired attention/executive functioning. Impairment in attention/executive functions has been described to constitute one of the core impaired cognitive domains in the previous studies, as was the case also in this study.…”

Antioxidant Activity of Oral Administration of Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaves Extract on Rat's Hippocampus which Exposed to 6-Hydroxydopamine

“…This model represents a good model of the early phase of PD because of its mild motor impairment and cognitive deficits and ideal to see the suitability of neuroprotective agents (Hritcu et al 2011). Importantly, in recent years, it was indicated that non motor deficits became an important part of patient management (Whittington et al 2006, Hanna-Pladdy et al 2013. Additionally, it has been reported that 6-OHDA is an oxidative neurotoxin to injure dopaminergic (DA) neurons in vivo and in vitro.…”

“…For example, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) destroys dopaminergic neurons through free radical-mediated mechanisms (Hauser and Hastings 2013). More recently, an increasing amount of evidence has suggested that the mesohippocampal pathway is also critically involved in learning and memory processes, as indicated by the fact that many cognitive impairments, including memory deficits, occur during the early stage of PD even before the development of its classical symptoms (Whittington et al 2006;Costa et al 2012). …”

A Trade-Off between Feedback-Based Learning and Episodic Memory for Feedback Events: Evidence from Parkinson’s Disease

“…In some cases, impairments have been observed, but currently it seems unclear whether deficits are linked to hippocampal dysfunction or deficits in strategic and executive processes that characterize some PD patients [65,66,67,68,69,70]. In addition, some studies have documented hippocampal atrophy in PD patients and linked such atrophy to declarative memory impairments [71], whereas others have found that medial temporal lobe atrophy did not differ between non-demented PD patients and healthy controls [72].…”