Medicinal Used Plants from India: Analysis of the Essential Oil of<i>Anisochilus Carnosus</i>(Lamiaceae) Spikes

Jirovetz, Leopold; Buchbauer, Gerhard; Shahabi, Manochehr; Shafi, P. M.; Jose, Beena

doi:10.1080/0972-060x.2003.10643332

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, an oil of this type has been chosen to provide an idea of the concentrations of the components contributing most importantly to the scent (Table 1). 37 The entry "further constituents" in the table comprises more than 100 compounds whose structures have been elucidated. The methods used to obtain the data in Table 1 were standard gas chromatography for the separation and quantification of the components and GCÀMS for their identification.…”

Section: ' Composition Of Rose Oils Extracts and Headspace Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Scent of Roses and Beyond: Molecular Structures, Analysis, and Practical Applications of Odorants

Mannschreck

Angerer²

2011

J. Chem. Educ.

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T he rose is called "the queen of flowers". The reasons for this popular honorary name are its shape, color, and fragrance; the latter being the motive for the cultivation of many species of this flower, for example, the one shown in Figure 1. In poetry, the scent of roses has often been highly praised. 1 An early example is the famous oriental fairy-tale "Thousand and One Nights". 2 William Shakespeare mentioned the scent of roses; 3 in sonnet 54 he wrote Oh how much more doth beauty beautious seem by that sweet ornament which truth doth give. The rose looks fair, but fairer we it deem for that sweet odor which doth in it live. In this article, some of the major chemical components of rose blossoms and a few additional odorous substances are chosen to engage the reader's attention and to arouse interest in the molecular structures involved. The content of this article is not new; besides recent research-and application-oriented reviews, 4À7 there are other publications 8À11 that are helpful for teaching, including a book 12 that describes the chemistry of fragrance compounds (6 chapters) and the theoretical background required (9 chapters). The present article, however, combines the topic of some fragrance materials with the isomerism of organic molecules.To benefit from this article, the student should be familiar with the basic structure 13a,14a of alkane, alkene, alcohol, ether, and ketone molecules. In addition, the principles 8,12,15 of distillation and chromatography should be known. This contribution is recommended as a lesson on the relationship between molecular structure and odor for chemistry students in their second year at university.The first sections of the article are dedicated to the isolation of odorous compounds from rose petals and to the different types of structural isomerism. The next sections describe gas chromatographyÀmass spectrometry, types of separable isomers, and the composition of the materials isolated. Besides the constituents of many rose species, examples of other odorant molecules occurring as isomers are briefly described. Finally, applications and origins of fragrance materials are mentioned. ' ISOLATION OF ODOROUS COMPOUNDS FROM ROSE PETALS Rose OilA traditional method for isolating volatile constituents of roses is heating the blossoms with water in the flask of a distillation apparatus or blowing steam through the flask. 8,15 Under these conditions, a so-called azeotropic mixture of lipophilic components and water is formed that possesses a boiling point somewhat below 100°C, 12a,16 although the separated chemicals without water show much higher boiling points, for example, about 230°C in the case of the odorous compounds present in roses. The addition of water generally enables the distillation of high boiling or sensitive lipophilic compounds at a temperature that makes decomposition reactions less likely. Upon cooling the vapor phase, an aqueous liquid and a lipophilic layer are obtained. The aqueous phase from this distillation contains small quantities of partially ...

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Section: ' Composition Of Rose Oils Extracts and Headspace Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Scent of Roses and Beyond: Molecular Structures, Analysis, and Practical Applications of Odorants

Mannschreck

Angerer²

2011

J. Chem. Educ.

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“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Several ecotypes have been located; the major components frequently cited are sabinene, 1,8-cineole, β-caryophyllene and bicyclogermacrene. H. pectinata and H. spicigera species have been less intensively studied; 11,13,17,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] the essential oils of these two species are characterized by their high sesquiterpenoid content. H. lanceolata has not been much studied; in a work published in 1998, we had identified β-caryophyllene and germacrene D in its essential oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aromatic plants of tropical Central Africa. XLVIII. Comparative study of the essential oils of four Hyptis species from Cameroon: H. lanceolata Poit., H. pectinata (L.) Poit., H. spicigera Lam. and H. suaveolens Poit.

Tchoumbougnang

Zollo

Boyom

et al. 2005

Flavour & Fragrance J

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The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of fresh leaves from Hyptis lanceolata, H. pectinata, H. spicigera and H. suaveolens growing in Cameroon were analysed by GC and GC–MS. The oil of H. suaveolens was rich in sabinene (20.6%), β‐caryophyllene (17.5%) and bergamotol (10.9%), while the oil of H. pectinata contained germacrene D (28.0%) and β‐caryophyllene (22.1%) as the major constituents. H. spicigera oil contained α‐pinene (28.3%), β‐caryophyllene (19.1%), limonene (13.4%) and ß‐pinene (10.3%) as the main components. The most abundant constituents identified in the oil of H. lanceolata were β‐pinene (40.7%) and germacrene D (19.9%). These chemical profiles were compared with literature results; relative similarities were found in chemical compositions of each species, but some quantitative and qualitative variations were noted. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC (Oxalidaceae) has been used in traditional medicine by many people of Asia, especially in Indian medicine (Jirovetz et al, 2004). We previously reported that B. sensitivum possess antioxidant (Guruvayoorappan et al, 2006), anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic (Guruvayoorappan & Kuttan, 2007a), antitumor, immunomodulatory (Guruvayoorappan & Kuttan, 2007b) effects, as well as inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokine production and regulating the expression of iNOS and COX-2 genes in LPS/Con A stimulated macrophages (Guruvayoorappan & Kuttan, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating effect ofBiophytum sensitivumextract on rats with acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis

Sakthivel

Guruvayoorappan

2014

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Traditionally, Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC (Oxalidaceae) is used in Indian medicine to treat diseases include stomachache, convulsions, cramps, inflammation, and ulcer. Objective: The present study examines the effect of aerial parts of B. sensitivum (methanol extract) on a murine model of ulcerative colitis (UC). Materials and methods: UC was induced by intracolonic injection of 3% acetic acid in Wistar rats. B. sensitivum (50 or 100 mg/kg b wt) or reference drug sulfasalazine (100 mg/kg b wt) was administrated intra-peritoneally for 5 consecutive days before induction of colitis. Results: In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time that the administration of B. sensitivum (50 mg/kg b wt) was found to inhibit colitis by lowering macroscopic score (up to 3.66 ± 0.77) and also showed significant reduction (p50.01) in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities. Furthermore, a significant reduction (p50.01) in mucosal content of lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and nitric oxide (NO) confirms that B. sensitivum could significantly inhibit colitis. The study showed significant reduction (p50.01) in colonic tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-1-b (IL-1b), and IL-6 levels as well as the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) after treatment compared with the colitis control group. The histopathological study also confirms the foregoing findings. Treatment with B. sensitivum was also able to inhibit the activation and translocation of transcription factors, nuclear factor (NF)-kB subunits (p65/p50). Conclusion: These results suggest that B. sensitivum exhibits protective effect against acetic acid-induced UC.

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Medicinal Used Plants from India: Analysis of the Essential Oil ofAnisochilus Carnosus(Lamiaceae) Spikes

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

The Scent of Roses and Beyond: Molecular Structures, Analysis, and Practical Applications of Odorants

The Scent of Roses and Beyond: Molecular Structures, Analysis, and Practical Applications of Odorants

Aromatic plants of tropical Central Africa. XLVIII. Comparative study of the essential oils of four Hyptis species from Cameroon: H. lanceolata Poit., H. pectinata (L.) Poit., H. spicigera Lam. and H. suaveolens Poit.

Modulating effect ofBiophytum sensitivumextract on rats with acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis

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