Medical design: Direct metal laser sintering of Ti–6Al–4V

Bertol, Liciane Sabadin; Júnior, Wilson Kindlein; Silva, Fábio Pinto da; Aumund-Kopp, Claus

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2010.02.050

Cited by 160 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In particular, AM has shown the possibility to fabricate patient specific medical devices (e.g. artificial joint replacements) [7][8][9] and parts with optimised topology and lattice structures that could replace heavier counterparts currently used in aircrafts [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the build orientation on the mechanical properties and fracture modes of SLM Ti–6Al–4V

Simonelli

Tse

Tuck

2014

Materials Science and Engineering: A

737

265

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originates from the AM process. To understand the effect of the microstructure on the tensile properties, selective laser melted (SLM) Ti-6Al-4V samples built in three different orientations were tensile tested. The investigated samples were near fully dense, in two distinct conditions, as-built and stress relieved respectively. It was found that the build orientation affects the tensile properties, and in particular the ductility of the samples. The mechanical anisotropy of the parts was discussed in relation to the crystallographic texture, phase composition and the predominant fracture mechanisms. Fractography and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) results indicate that the predominant fracture mechanism is 2 intergranular fracture along the grain boundaries present and thus provide and explanation for the typical fracture surface features observed in fracture AM Ti-6Al-4V.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the build orientation on the mechanical properties and fracture modes of SLM Ti–6Al–4V

Simonelli

Tse

Tuck

2014

Materials Science and Engineering: A

737

265

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“…Selective laser melting (SLM), also termed as direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), and electron beam melting (EBM) are the powder bed fusion (PBF) processes of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, and capable of fabricating near-fully dense metal components with complex freeform geometries directly from computer-aided design (CAD) models (Koike et al, 2011), therefore showing great potential to fabricate metallic cellular lattice structures beyond the current limitations of the conventional manufacturing techniques. Recently, many attempts have been made to fabricate porous titanium scaffolds or orthopaedic implants with precisely controlled internal structures and complex external shapes through SLM or EBM (Mullen et al, 2009;Bertol et al, 2010;Gorny et al, 2011;Murr et al, 2010;Heinl et al, 2008;Parthasarathy et al, 2010;Sallica-Leva et al, 2013). For example, Mullen et al (2009) built cellular titanium structures based on an octahedral unit cell through SLM for orthopaedic applications, and the produced structures possessed the porosity of 10-95% and compressive strength of 0.5-350MPa comparable to the typical naturally occurring range of natural bones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti–6Al–4V triply periodic minimal surface structures for bone implants fabricated via selective laser melting

Yan

Hao

Hussein

et al. 2015

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

513

217

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Young, Ti-6Al-4V triply periodic minimal surface structures for bone implants fabricated via selective laser melting, Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm. 2015.06.024 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. C for 4 h, the α' martensite was converted to a mixture of α and β, in which the α phase being the dominant fraction is present as fine laths with the width of 500-800 nm and separated by a small amount of narrow, interphase regions of dark β phase. Also, the microhardness is decreased to 3.71±0.35 GPa due to the coarsening of the microstructure. The 80-95% porosity TPMS lattices exhibit a comparable porosity with trabecular bone, and the modulus is in the range of 0.12-1.25 GPa and thus can be adjusted to the modulus of trabecular bone. At the same range of porosity of 5-10%, the moduli of cortical bone and of the Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices are in a similar range. Therefore, the modulus and porosity of Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices can be tailored to the levels of human bones and thus reduce or avoid "stress shielding"and increase longevity of implants. Due to the biomorphic designs, and high interconnected porosity and stiffness comparable to human bones, SLM-made Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices can be a promising material for load bearing bone implants.

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“…In addition, this use of the technology in dentistry was restricted to a small number of specialist gold alloys used for restorative dental crowns in non-jewellery specific alloys. Many potential alternative uses for precious metal DMLM have also been identified including electronics, fuel cell, medical, catalytic and satellite applications and in the manufacture of low-volume, high-value components in the prestige automotive, biomedical and marine sectors [21]. There has also been much discussion concerning the potential for precious metal DMLM and its inherent design benefits within the jewellery and high-value goods sectors, but the research, capital investment, and specialised metallurgical knowledge base required to set up a precious metals DMLM sector have until now been considered largely prohibitive [22].…”

Section: Technology and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sintering and additive manufacturing: “additive manufacturing and the new paradigm for the jewellery manufacturer”

Cooper

2016

Prog Addit Manuf

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The use of various sintering technologies, allied to suitable powder metallurgy, has long been the subject of discussion within the global jewellery manufacturing community. This exciting, once theoretical and experimental technology is now undoubtedly a practical application suitable for use by the jewellery industry. All parts of the jewellery industry supply and value chains, and especially design and manufacturing, now need to become aware very quickly of just how unsettling and disruptive this technology introduction has the potential to become. This paper will offer various viewpoints that consider not only the technology and its application to jewellery manufacture but will also consider the new design potentials of the technology to the jewellery industry. It will also briefly consider how that design potential is being taught to future generations of jewellery designers at the Birmingham School of Jewellery. We shall also discuss in some detail the economics of and potential for new and different business models that this technological paradigm might offer the global jewellery industry.Keywords Additive manufacturing Á Direct metal laser melting Á Direct metal laser sintering Á Jewellery Á Precious metals Á CAD Á 3D printing RationaleThis paper intends to explore and open up for debate by the jewellery industry what actions and understanding might be required in order to facilitate the transfer and acceptance of precious metal direct metal laser melting (DMLM) technologies and processes into a manufacturing process specifically tailored for the jewellery manufacturing industries and their related value and supply chains. The goal of the Jewellery Industry Innovation Centre (JIIC) and its parent institution, the Birmingham School of Jewellery, UK, is to encourage its students to develop, design and produce computer aided design (CAD) examples of jewellery products to challenge, prove, and democratise the processes and materials required for the application of precious metal DMLM technology into the production facilities of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) within the UK jewellery manufacturing sector. The paper also assesses and attempts to quantify the current perceived industry needs for an adaptable, low-volume and innovative new technology that will facilitate rapid responses by SMEs to the consumer's demands for more custom-made, individually designed and personalised jewellery products. Typical jewellery manufacturing processes like lost-wax investment casting or stamping do not have either the necessary quick response times or, more importantly, the design and production flexibility required to address these issues. This paper is intended to help increase jewellery industry awareness, knowledge, and especially it is hoped to speed up jewellery industry uptake of the new design and production capabilities offered by the DMLM processes for working with precious metals. In order to aid the reader who would like to drill down deeper into some of the key technical details of this techn...

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Medical design: Direct metal laser sintering of Ti–6Al–4V

Cited by 160 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of the build orientation on the mechanical properties and fracture modes of SLM Ti–6Al–4V

Effect of the build orientation on the mechanical properties and fracture modes of SLM Ti–6Al–4V

Ti–6Al–4V triply periodic minimal surface structures for bone implants fabricated via selective laser melting

Sintering and additive manufacturing: “additive manufacturing and the new paradigm for the jewellery manufacturer”

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