Mechanistic Clues in the Cardioprotective Effect of Terminalia Arjuna Bark Extract in Isoproterenol-Induced Chronic Heart Failure in Rats

Abstract

The present study demonstrated prophylactic and therapeutic potential of Terminalia arjuna bark extract in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced chronic heart failure (CHF). Fifteen days after injection of ISO (85 mg/kg twice at an interval of 24 h, s.c), rats showed decline in maximal rate of rise and fall of left ventricular pressure (LV (dP/dt)(max) and LV (dP/dt)(min)), cardiac contractility index (LV (dP/dt)(max)/LVP), cardiac output and rise in LV end-diastolic pressure. CHF rats showed a significant increase in serum creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB) and malondialdehyde levels, as well as fall in the activities of superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione. Altered lipid profile and increased level of cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) along with histological changes in heart were also observed in CHF rats. T. arjuna bark extract (500 mg/kg, p.o) treatment prior and 15 days after ISO injection significantly attenuated cardiac dysfunction and myocardial injury in CHF rats. Cardioprotective action of T. arjuna was comparable to fluvastatin, a synthetic drug. The results suggest that T. arjuna bark extract has a significant prophylactic and therapeutic beneficial effect on protection of heart against ISO-induced CHF possibly through maintaining endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and cytokine levels.

Management of Cardiorenal Metabolic Syndrome in Diabetes Mellitus: A Phytotherapeutic Perspective

“…The ethanolic extract of Terminalia arjuna stem bark has shown significant reduction in LPO, increase in SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, GST, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, reduced glutathione, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, total sulfhydryl groups (TSH), and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups (NPSH) in kidney of alloxan-induced diabetic rats [103]. Moreover, Terminalia arjuna bark extract has shown a significant prophylactic and therapeutic beneficial effect on protection of heart against isoproterenol-induced chronic heart failure, possibly through maintaining endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities and inhibiting LPO and cytokine levels [104]. …”

Cardioprotective effect of HPLC standardized ethanolic extract of Terminalia pallida fruits against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in albino rats

“…In Ayurveda Terminalia pallida fruit is esteemed as a powerful cardiotonic and appropriately known as "Hridya", as it possesses heart strengthening and cardiotonic properties. The other species of Terminalia such as Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia Chebula also showed the cardio-protective effect against ISO-induced stress in rats (Suchalatha et al, 2005;Parveen et al, 2011). However, there is no systematic scientific report available in support of the cardioprotective activity of Terminalia pallida fruit.…”

Effects of Thoracic Epidural Anesthesia on Cardiac Function and Myocardial Cell Apoptosis in Isoproterenol‐Induced Chronic Heart Failure Rats

“…This confirmed that the CHF model was successfully induced as described. 22,23 Finally, the 56 ISO-induced CHF rats were additionally classified into 4 groups: the healthy control (n ¼ 14), ISO-induced CHF (n ¼ 14), ISO þ TEA (n ¼ 14), and sham-treated (n ¼ 14) groups.…”